Prevalence and Predictors of Asymptomatic Urinary Tract Infection among HIV Positive Patients in Jos, North Central Nigeria

Abstract

Asymptomatic urinary tract infection refers to infection of the urinary tract without any declared symptom. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence, etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates among HIV positive individuals. Demographic data were collected using a well designed questionnaire and 389 HIV positive individuals without signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI) were recruited for the study. Urine specimens were obtained for urinalysis, microscopy, culture and antimicrobial sensitivity testing. Out of the 389 individuals screened 75 (19.3%) had UTI. Urine dipstick positive for nitrite, leucocyte esterase and blood were noted to be predictors while individuals with pus cells in urine were prone to UTI. Isolated organisms included Escherichia coli 36 (48.0%), Klebsiella spps. 2(2.6%), Staphylococcus aureus 17 (22.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 (5.3%), Proteus mirabilis 8 (10.6%) and Candida albicans 8 (10.6%). However, we observed high resistance of the isolates to ampicillin 8/67 (11.9%), nitrofurantoin 25/67 (37.3%) and augmentin 31/67 (46.3%). Ciprofloxacin had the least resistance 61/67 (91.0%) from the isolated pathogens.