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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/281

Title: Risk Factors for First-Line Antiretroviral Treatment Failure in HIV-1 Infected Children Attending Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Ebonyi, O. Augustine
Oguche, Stephen
Ejeliogu, U. Emeka
Okpe, E. Sylvanus
Agbaji, O. Oche
Sagay, A. Solomon
Okonkwo, Prosper
Idoko, A. John
Kanki, Phyllis
Keywords: cotrimoxazole prophylaxis,
ARV exposure,
paediatric ART,
Africa.
Issue Date: 11-Mar-2014
Publisher: British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research
Citation: Pp 2983-2994
Series/Report no.: Vol.4;No.15
Abstract: Aim: To determine risk factors for first-line antiretroviral treatment failure in HIV-1 infected children attending Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: Paediatric HIV clinic at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, between February 2006 and December 2010. Methodology: Data on demographic, clinical and laboratory variables for 580 HIV-1 infected children aged 2 months to 15 years on antiretroviral therapy (ART) were analysed. A comparison of the data on children with and without treatment failure was made. Variables associated with treatment failure in a univariate analysis were then fit in a multivariate logistic model to determine the factors that were associated with treatment failure. Results: The rate of treatment failure among the children was 18.8%. Previous antiretroviral drugs (ARV) exposure for treatment, not receiving cotrimoxazole prophylaxis before commencement of ART and having severe immune suppression at HIV diagnosis were the factors independently associated with treatment failure. Children with previous ARV exposure for treatment were 4 times more likely to fail treatment compared to those without previous exposure (AOR=4.20 (1.93-9.15); p <0.001). Children who did not receive cotrimoxazole prophylaxis were twice more likely to develop treatment failure compared to those who did (AOR=2.26 (1.06-4.79); p=0.03) and children with severe immune suppression at HIV diagnosis were twice more likely to develop treatment failure compared to those without severe immune suppression (AOR=2.34 (1.47-3.72); p<0.001). Conclusion: HIV-infected children with previous ARV exposure for treatment and severe immune suppression should be monitored closely and given frequent adherence counseling to minimize the risk of treatment failure. Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis should be encouraged in HIV-infected children while they await commencement of ART, which may improve ART adherence and thus reduce the risk of treatment failure.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/281
Appears in Collections:Paediatrics
Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Medicine

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