Browsing by Author "Noel N. Wannang"

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    Assessment of the effects of Cucumis metuliferus fruits alkaloids against Newcastle disease virus‑LaSota
    (2016-12-25) Anne A. Anyanwu; Nanloh S. Jimam; Noel N. Wannang
    Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the antiviral activity of the Cucumis metuliferus alkaloids against Newcastle disease virus‑LaSota (NDV‑L). Methods: Hemagglutination (HA) test method using embryonated eggs for study. Results: The result showed “nonlethality” of the alkaloids in 10 days old embryonated eggs. Exposure of the alkaloids to NDV‑L infected embryonated eggs showed negative HA test result from varying 2‑fold diluted concentration between 50 and 3.125 mg/ml of the alkaloid, while the concentration between 1.563 and 0.195 mg/ml gave positive HA test. Negative HA response means the alkaloids at that concentration have antiviral activities while positive HA test implies the presence of antibodies production in response to an antigen as seen with the control, meaning that viral replication was not inhibited when the embryonated eggs were exposed to lower doses of the alkaloids. Conclusion: The study showed that the alkaloids of C. metuliferus fruit pulp extract have good margin of safety with a high level of antiviral properties as confirmed by the result of the HA test. Key Words: Alkaloids, antiviral, Cucumis metuliferus, hemagglutination test, Newcastle disease virus
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    PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND EFFECTS OF CHRONIC AND SUB-CHRONIC ADMINISTRATIONS OF METHANOLIC SEED EXTRACT OF GARCINIA KOLA (HECKEL) ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN MALE RODENTS: RELEVANCE ON TRADITIONAL CLAIM OF ITS APHRODISIAC PROPERTIES
    (International Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2016) Bukata B. Bukar; Mary O. Uguru; Ayo Omolola; Noel N. Wannang
    The plant, Garcinia kola, is indigenous to most tropical rain forest of West Africa. Its consumers have for long traditionally claimed the seeds and other parts possess aphrodisiac properties. The animals were treated with the extract by oral administration in doses of 125 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 500-mg/kg-body weight in their respective groups for either 20 days or 60 days. Control group received normal saline 1 ml/100g of body weight accordingly for the same period. The results from this investigation showed that the methanolic seed extract produced a concentration-dependent decrease on blood pressure of an anesthetized male cat, similar with that of acetylcholine, and was blocked by atropine in a competitive manner. The extract cause significant increase on onset of sleep in male rats (P<0.05) and also decreases the duration of sleep (P<0.05). The hematological analysis showed that the extract has anti-thrombotic property through significant increase of bleeding and clotting time (P<0.05) and decrease of platelet counts (P<0.05). Both the duration of treatment with the extract and variation of the doses had significant influence on the outcome of the measured parameters. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids and carbohydrates. Following abundant and relevant literatures which indicate the correlation between the results of this study and aphrodisiac properties, it is suggested that the results can serve as scientific evidence that supports the traditional claim that Garcinia kola possesses aphrodisiac property that may justify its long-term consumption.