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- The Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Focuses on research and publications related to crop science, animal science, soil science, agricultural economics, and extension services that promote sustainable food production and rural development.
Recent Submissions
Radioactivity in Some Food Crops from High Background Radiation Area on the Jos –Plateau, Nigeria
(Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2012) D.I.Jwanbot1*, M.M. Izam2 and G.G. Nyam
The activity Concentration of 40K, 226Ra and 228Th were determined in the food crops on the Jos Plateau using γ-ray spectrometry. The activity concentration of the natural radionuclide in the food crops lied between 12.36 ± 0.82 and 56.92 ± 8.84Bq/Kg for 40K,(1.46 ± 0.05 to 10.42 ± 0.04) Bq/Kg for 226Ra and from (1.53 ± 0.08 to 6.85 ± 0.42) Bq/Kg for 228Th. These relativity high values for the activity concentrations maybe attributed to the series of tin mining activities that have taken place in these areas in the past decades. However, the values obtained suggest that the dose taken from intake of these radionuclides in the food crops is low and that harmful effects are not expected.
PREVALENCE AND IMMUNE STATUS OF HIV/HBV COINFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN
(AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 2013) Lar, 1P. M.,, Pam, 1V. K., Christopher, 1P. B., 2 Gwamzhi, L. & Mawak, 1 J. D.
HIV/HBV coinfection places patients at high risk of liverrelated morbidity and mortality and the interaction of the two viruses can further complicate treatment. Pregnant women are especially at high risk for increased morbidity and mortality due to infection, and information about HIV/HBV coinfection in pregnant women is scanty. This study examined the occurrence of HBV antibodies in HIV1 positive pregnant women and the relationship to Anteretroviral therapy (ART) and other demographic characteristics. Blood samples were collected from 135 HIV pregnant positive women who were either on ART or Not, from May – June, 2008 at the Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) and the Plateau State Specialist Hospital (PSSH). Presence of hepatitis B surface (HBsAg) antigen in serum was determined using Antec strips (Antec diagnostics UK) and their immunologic status were determined by measuring the CD4+ counts using SL_3 cyFlow counter (Partec, Germany) . Sixteen 16 (11.8%) of the women examined were seropositive for Hepatitis B virus. Occupation was significantly associated with the prevalence of the hepatitis coinfection in the population examined (8.8% of house wives and 5.5% of business women had coinfection, p<0.05). The immunologic status (CD4+ of most of the HIV/HBV coinfected pregnant women (81.5%) was low (below 300 cells/mm3) although all were on Anti retroviral therapy. The 11.8% prevalence rate reported in this study confirms the endemicity of HBV /HIV coinfection in Nigeria, and this supports the calls for screening for Hepatitis B as a routine in antenatal care.
CLEFT LIP, ALVEOLUS AND PALATE IN AFRICAN NATIVES: AN UPDATE ON DEMOGRAPHICS AND MANAGEMENT OUTCOME
(HHS Public Access, 2015-12) Drs O.B. Akintububo1, E.O. Ojo2, DD Kokong3, S.A. Adamu4, U.U Nnadozie5, Z Yunusa Kaltungo5, I Jalo6, and A.M Dauda7
Background—Development of craniofacial structures is a complex process and disruption of any of the numerous steps can lead to development of oro-facial clefts. This is a surgically amenable anomaly as from early life that has had conflicting pattern of demographics reported by various researchers globally. There are several factors that are critical to the surgical outcome. Objective—Study the demographics and the management outcome of cleft lip, alveolus and
palate and highlight factors responsible for improved care in recent time. Design—Descriptive cohort study. Setting—Tertiary health institution Method—All consecutive patients managed for cleft lip, alveolus and palate (CLAP) over 7years and 10months were studied. Outcome—Cleft lip, alveolus and palate repair was performed on 149 patients, January 1, 2001– December 31, 2008 with an incidence of 2.1/1000 live births. From this, 27 patients, averaging 4.5 patients per year were operated for the first 6 1/3 years while the remaining 122(81.9%) the next 1 1/2 years, averaging 81.6 patients yearly. Their ages ranged from 3 months – 60 years with 77 (51.7%) males and 72 (48.3.0%) females. Cleft lip was the main presentation in 108(72.5%) of which 72(66.7%) were left sided. Bilateral cleft lip were14 (9.4%). Five (3.4%) patients had associated anomalies out of which 3(60.0%) had CLAP while 2(40.0%) isolated cleft lip or palate. The technique for cleft lip repair was Millard’s and Noordhoof’s while palatal cleft was the twoflap palatoplasty with intravelar veloplasty. Success was recorded in 142(95.3%) with complication observed in 7(4.7%) patients. Conclusion—The rarity of cleft lip, alveolus and/or palate in the African native documented previously may no longer be tenable as observe in this study. Management outcome has improved owing to the collaboration with SmileTrain, USA, along with multidisciplinary approach.
The Increasing Cases of Lower Back Pain in Developed Nations: A Reciprocal Effect of Development
(Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2014-07) 1M.Y. Mafuyai 2B. G. Babangida 3E.S. Mador 4D.D. Bakwa 5Y.Y. Jabil
Lower back pain is a nonspecific health problem but a general complaint among people of all ages with severe effect and complain among the middle aged and the old. And, surprisingly, the complaint is more rampant in the developed nations than in the developing and underdeveloped nations of the world. The cause has generally been accepted by most researchers around the world to be mechanical than infectious. Our previous research indicated that some postures of the lumbar spine (lower back) are more susceptible to injury and can easily cause pain in the lumbar spine than others. This work has shown that this posture is common among the people in the developed nations due to he highly developed facets of life. The research therefore suggest that the rampant complaint is the result of this posture of the lumbar spine.
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of antibacterial activity of Bridelia ferrugine extracts on some clinical isolates
(The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 2018-08) Yunana B.T.*, Guiyi J.C., Bukar B.B
The ethanol extracts of root, bark and leaf of Bridelia ferrugineawas investigated for antibacterial activity against clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The extracts had significant antibacterial activity in vitro at concentration of 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml and 200 mg/ml and in vivo at dose of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg. The root extract in vitro had the highest zone of inhibition, followed by the bark extract for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The concentration of 200 mg/ml had the highest zone of inhibition in vitro. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed a decreasing inhibitory effect of the plant extracts for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as the concentration decreases with root having 3.125 mg/ml, bark having 6.25 mg/ml and leaf having 25 mg/ml for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Likewise, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) showed decreasing bactericide effects with decrease concentration with root having 12.5 mg/ml, bark having 12.5 mg/ml and leaf having 25 mg/ml for Escherichia coli while root had 6.25mg/ml, bark had 12.5mg/ml and leaf had 25mg/ml
for Staphylococcus aureus. The in vivo investigation showed that the root and bark extract exhibited antibacterial activity on both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at doses of 100mg/kg and 50mg/kg; the root extract had higher activity than the bark and root/bark combined. The dose of 100 mg/kg had the highest colonies reduction for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vivo. Preliminary phytochemical screening of root, bark and leaves of Bridelia ferruginea revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrates, cardiac glycoside (root, bark and leaves), saponins (root and bark). The presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoid, cardiac glycoside and carbohydrate in the bark and root extracts of the plant indicates that the bark and root extracts were pharmacological importance.