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- The Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Focuses on research and publications related to crop science, animal science, soil science, agricultural economics, and extension services that promote sustainable food production and rural development.
Recent Submissions
The Analysis Of Inter Cell Handover Dynamics in A GSM Network
(International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2014-06) Dajab, Danjuma. D.; Abednego, Galadima.; Buba, Bajoga,G.
Efficient Handover mechanism in a GSM network is one of the parameters critical to GSM network service quality (QoS) and customer satisfaction. Handover is the process that transfers an ongoing call from one cell to another as the users move through the coverage areas of the cellular systems. This research focuses on analysing and optimizing intercell handover dynamics in Airtel Network in Kano. A three months call record sample data was used. Several cells in the Airtel Network in Kano were investigated by profiling and analysing their performance using standard mathematical relationships of Handover success rate, Call setup success rate, Blocking probability, Call drop rate which are relevant Key Performance Indicators. Data was obtained in Microsoft Excel format. Performance evaluation was carried out using Nigerian Communication Commission (NCC) QoS standard for Macrocell as benchmark. The evaluation revealed that seventy two percent (72%) of cells considered performed below NCC targets for Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR), Sixty four percent (64%) failed to achieve Handover Success Rate (HSR) and Standalone Dedicated Control Channel blocking rates targets, twenty one percent (21%) failed to achieve congestion targets. Average call drop rate per cell was predicted to be six (6%).
Analysis of Environmental Factors Affecting Rural Livelihood Diversification among Rural Dwellers in Adamawa State, Nigeria
(EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research, 2016-11) Donye, A. O.; Ani, A. O.; Bzugu, P. M.; Nuhu, H. S.
This study analyzed the environmental factors affecting rural livelihood diversification in Adamawa State, Nigeria. The data used for the analysis were generated from 360 respondents, using multi-stage random sampling procedure. The analytical tools used were descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and inferential statistics (Tobit regression). The descriptive statistics were used in categorizing the respondents on the basis of their socio-economic characteristics. Tobit regression was employed to determine the environmental factors affecting livelihood diversification. The major findings were that: the frequency of natural disasters (X1) and season of the year (X5) were positive and significant for livelihood diversification at 5% level of significance. The number of natural resources (X3) available in an environment was positive and significant for livelihood diversification at 1% level of significance. The distance between state headquarters, local government headquarters and major towns (X2) and where a respondent lives was found to be not significant. Similarly, distance between markets (X4) and where a respondent lives was also found to be not significant for livelihood diversification. It was concluded that the number of natural disasters that occur and the number of natural resources available in the study area are strong factors that affect livelihood diversification. It was recommended, among others, that the prevailing environmental factors in a given area should be considered at the planning stages for any rural development or empowerment projects meant for livelihood diversification. Livelihood diversification opportunities should be made available and possible during dry season periods in the study area.
Prevalence of Cryptosporidium Infection among HIV-1 Infected Adult Patients Attending Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
(UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research, 2017-06) Anejo-Okopi, A. Joseph; Ejeliogu, U. Emeka; Gomerep, Simji; Okojokwu, O. Julius; Okechalu, Juliet; Oguchukwu, C. Sandra; Lar, M. Patricia
Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of chronic diarrhoea in HIV-1infected patients, but there is paucity of data on the prevalence of Cryptosporidium and factors associated with the infection. We determined the prevalence and factors associated with Cryptosporidium
infection among HIV-1 infected adult patients at Jos University Teaching hospital, Jos,
Nigeria. A cross-sectional study in which a total of 296 fecal specimens from HIV-1 infected patients with diarrhea was collected and structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic and clinical data. The fecal samples were examined for Cryptosporidium by formol-ether concentration and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique, and the oocysts identified by microscopy. Two hundered and ninrty six feacal samples where analyse from156 (52.7%) females and 140(47.3%) males. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection among HIV-1 infected patients was 4.7%. Among females 9 (5.8%) had Cryptosporidium infection while (5)3.6% in males; P=0.696. The age group 21-30 years had the highest prevalence of (8)10.0%. A statistically significant association of Cryptosporidium infection was observed with rural type of residence, P=0.046. In conclusion the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection among HIV-1 infected adult patients with diarrhea was low. This may be due to early commencement of antiretroviral drugs and the use of anti-parasitic prophylaxis among the patients. Further larger studies on the molecular identification of the species of Cryptosporidium are needed to determine the available zoonotic strains.
Ascertaining the Bacteriological Quality of Water Drawn from Cast and Non-cast Wells in Zaria, Nigeria
(International Journal of Pathogen Research, 2020) Danjuma, Florence Yachim; Onaji, Ajegba Innocent; Ocheme Julius Okojokwu; Danladi Yakubu Papi
Lack of access to safe drinking water is a threat to public health and wellbeing of the people as it exposes them to risk of waterborne diseases. This study assessed the bacteriological quality of well water samples obtained from Zaria communities and compared the level of contamination between wells with internal wall casting (cast wells) and wells without internal wall casting (non-cast wells). Water samples from 142 wells were collected for a period of six months encompassing both rainy and dry seasons (July to September for rainy season and November to January for dry season). The water samples were collected and analysed for faecal contamination using membrane filtration technique. The water samples contained high density of bacterial counts ranging from 1.73x103±2.73x102 – 2.02x102±1.85x102cfu/100ml during the raining season and 4.17x102±3.07x101 – 1.39x103±3.27x102cfu/100ml during the dry season. Coliforms and E. coli were present in all the samples with total coliform counts ranging from 1.06 x 103 – 2.12 x 104 cfu/100 ml and E. coli counts ranging from 5.10 X 102 – 5.0 X 104 cfu/100 ml Counts were higher during the raining season in all the locations compared to the dry season. Faecal coliform counts were higher in wells without casting (91.9%) compare to wells with casting (91.2%) while E. coli counts were higher in wells with casting (77.9%) compared to wells without casting (66.2%). There was no significant difference in the bacterial counts between cast and non-cast wells (p-values were all greater than 0.05).A total of 168 organisms were isolated from this study and they include; E. coli(48.3%), Klebsiella pnuemonaie(11.8%), Klebsiella ozanae(13.2%), Enterobacter agglomerans(11.8%), Enterobacter gergoviae(14.7%), Enterobacter aerogenes (8.8%), Citrobacter freundii(8.8%), Proteus mirabilis (5.9%), Serratia liquefaciens(10.3%) and Acinetobacter lwoffii (2.9%). E. coliwas isolated more frequently (48.3%) compared to other species and was more frequent in non-cast wells (50.0%) compared to cast wells (47.1%). Other species were more frequent in cast wells. The bacteria isolated from this study are mostly of enteric origin; these organisms acquire public health significance under certain conditions, therefore, their removal in drinking water should be given moderate priority. The wells in this study fail to meet the minimum standard for safe drinking water and are therefore not safe for domestic purposes especially for drinking purpose without adequate treatment.
Effects of dietary inclusion of cassava peel meal on functional properties of chicken egg in duration of storage
(2018) Ogunwole O. A.; Samireddypalle A.; DaramolaT. B.; Mosuro A. O.; Oshibanjo O. D.
Effect of dietary inclusion of cassava peel meal on functional properties of chicken eggs in days of storage was evaluated. Issa Brown layers (n=2400), aged 36 weeks were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments of 1200 birds each. Control (T1) was corn-soya diet while T2 had 5% corn replaced with cassava peel mash and were fed ad libitum to respective birds for six weeks. Eggs (n=150) were sampled, stored at ambient conditions and functional properties as well as lipid oxidation monitored at days 0, 7, 14, and 21. Bulk density (9.75±0.94-10.00±1.42), emulsion activity (51.83±1.00- 52.00±1.41), lipid oxidation (0.91±0.14-0.96±0.06) increased while foaming capacity (15.17±5.784.17±4.26), foaming stability (8.00±6.63-3.75±2.72), water absorption capacity (1.53±0.781.441±0.89), water retention capacity (1.66±1.06-1.48±0.90), oil absorption capacity (1.39±0.891.38±0.93), oil retention capacity (0.99±0.74-1.16±0.73) decreased in days of storage (DOS). Interaction of DOS and diets affected (P<0.05) foaming capacity and stability of eggs. Dietary cassava peel meal enhanced foaming capacity and lipid oxidation in chicken eggs.