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- The Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Focuses on research and publications related to crop science, animal science, soil science, agricultural economics, and extension services that promote sustainable food production and rural development.
Recent Submissions
Exceptionally High Yields of Hydrocarbons from the Catalytic Co-pyrolysis of Torrefied Corn Stalks with High Density Polyethylene
(Adamawa State University Journal of Scientific Research, 2018-08-02) Anthonia, E. Eseyin; Solomon, A. Mamuru; Philip, H. Steele
Torpefied corn stalks (TCS), torpefied corn stalks/high density polyethylene (TCS/HDPE), with and without zeolite catalyst (HZSM-5) were analyzed by Py-GC at 400, 500, and 600oC for the production of high yields of
hydrocarbons. The highest yield of hydrocarbons (43.38%) was produced by TCS/HDPE/Cat. at 600oC. 21.83% yield was produced in the absence of HZSM-5 at 600oC. Lower yields were recorded at lower temperatures,
with or without catalyst. The pyrolysis of TCS alone did not produce any hydrocarbon at any of the pyrolysis temperatures. Elemental analysis results showed that HDPE contained higher percentages of carbon and
hydrogen than torpefied corn stalks. The thermogravimetric analysis results indicated that HDPE was more thermally stable than TCS. TCS decomposed at about 300C while HDPE decomposed at about 475C.
Maximum weight loss was achieved at about 350C and 500C for TCS and HDPE, respectively.
EFFECTS OF SEED TUBER SIZE AND NPK FERTILIZER ON SOME YIELD COMPONENTS OF COLEUS POTATO (Solenostemon rotundifolius (Poir) J.K. MORTON)
(2015) Ogedegbe, S.A; Safwan, I. I; Ajala, B.A
A field experiment was carried out to assess the
effects of 3 seed tuber sizes (< 5, 5 ≤ 15 and > 15 g)
and 4 levels (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1) of NPK
fertilizer on some tuber yield components of Coleus
potato
(Solenostemon rotundifolius). Factorial
combinations of the 3 seed tuber sizes and the 4 NPK
application rates formed 12 treatments evaluated.
The treatments were fitted into a Randomized
Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three
replications. Data were collected on number of
healthy and rotten tubers, fresh weight of tubers,
length of tubers and girth of tubers. The measured
variables differed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) depending
on seed tuber size. The smallest seed tuber (< 5 g)
recorded the highest number of healthy tubers but
was similar to the other seed tubers. Total tuber fresh
weight from < 5 g seed tubers (839.1 g) was
significantly (p ≤ 0.05) heavier by 51.2 % than that
of > 15 g seed tubers (554.8 g). Application of 300
kg NPK ha-1 increased the number of rotten tubers
(51) relative to the control treatment (28). The 0 and
100 kg NPK ha-1 treatments produced heavier tubers
than the 200 and 300 kg NPK ha-1 treatments. These
results signify that the smallest seed tuber (< 5 g)
enhanced tuber yield better than the other seed
tubers. It is evident that Coleus potato could yield
well without NPK fertilization when soil nitrogen is
high (i.e. > 0.2 %).
further
improvement
(Prematilake,
2004).
Consequently, these tuber crops are propagated by
vegetative methods using tubers of varying shapes
and sizes. Information on the economic importance
and agronomic practices of Coleus potato which has
suffered research neglect for several years is limited
(Enyiukwu et al., 2014). Concerted efforts at
conserving, documenting and promoting the dynamic
use of Coleus potato is now required (Olojede et al,
2005). Evidently, agronomic research on Coleus
potato is scanty and more are needed before any
meaningful advancement on the crop can be made.
Although there are coordinated efforts by the
National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI),
Nigeria, to improve the cultural and agronomic
practices of Coleus potato production, more
associated researches are required in multiple
locations and with different experimental treatments.
This experiment was therefore designed to
investigate the effects of seed tuber size and NPK
application on some tuber yield components of
Coleus potato.
Materials and Methods
Keywords: Coleus potato, NPK application, seed
tuber, tuber yield, Vom
Comparative assessment of Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) for tuberculosis patients in a primary and a tertiary health centre in Nigeria
(Journal of PHARMACY AND BIORESOURCES, 2015-03) Benjamin N. Joseph; Comfort N. Sariem; Dauda A. Dangiwa; Shalkur David; Sunday I. Joseph; Daniel Z. Egah
Abstract
Nasarawa State, Nigeria has HIV prevalence of 7.5%. This is capable of fueling and worsening the tuberculosis/HIV epidemic. This study compared TB treatment outcomes between a primary health care and a tertiary health center; it
assessed the overlap between TB and HIV. A cross-sectional retrospective design was adopted. Data from the directly observed treatment register for 15 months was abstracted from both facilities. A total of 1678 TB patients
files were assessed; the tertiary health center accounted for 33% of the TB population while the primary health care center represented two-thirds. Of the 75% of TB patients who had HIV testing, about 48% were HIV positive.
Primary health care facility achieved statistically significant outcomes in cured (43%) representing 86.8% of cured outcome within program, p-value 0.000; treatment completed of 46.1% representing 60.4%, p-value 0.000; and had
the least case of treatment default, 1.7% which accounted for 18%, p-value 0.000 while the tertiary health facility attained better outcomes in treatment failure and death rates p-value 0.013 and 0.033 respectively. With an overall
successful treatment outcome of about 84%; the primary health care center recorded successful treatment outcome of 89% compared to tertiary health facility which achieved 73%. The overlap between TB and HIV was high. Comparatively, treatment outcomes were significantly better at primary health center.
Prevalence and drug-resistance profile of plasmid borne extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBLs) resistance genes in multidrug resistant Escherichia coli from HIV-1 positive individuals in Jos, Nigeria
(2020-09-10) Murna Ahmed Ali; Ocheme Julius Okojokwu; Ujeh Anthony Augustine; Chad Achenbach; Joseph AjeAnejo-Okopi; Patricia MankoLar; Godwin Imade; Atiene Solomon Sagay
Production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) can lead to treatment failures when the
antibiotics are used. This study detected ESBLs genes on Multidrug Resistant Escherichia coli from
HIV-infected individuals attending some hospitals in Jos. Eighty (80) isolates of multidrug resistant
(MDR) E. coli were screened for plasmids. ESBLs genes including bla-CTX, bla-TEM and bla-SHV were
detected on the plasmids using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with 100 bp DNA ladder as DNA
molecular weight marker. Out of the total 38 plasmids tested, ESBLs genes occurred in 13 (34.21%),
with the bla-TEM dominating [7 (53.85%)] over the bla-CTX [4 (30.77%)]. Two (15.38%) of the isolates
carried both genes. None of the isolates carried the bla-SHV gene in our study. All the strains showed
resistance to SXT, AMC and CTX. Resistance was most frequently observed against SXT (13), AMC (13),
CTX (13), CFM (12), F (8), NA (6), GN (5), CRO (4), OFX (2) and CIP (1). None of the ESBLs-bearing
strains showed resistance to IPM. Result showed 34.21% prevalence of ESBLs and suggested the need
to be more cautious with the clinical use of third generation Cephalosporins especially for the treatment
of acute infections caused by E. coli due to the high resistance recorded.
Genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection among pregnant women in Jos north, Jos, Nigeria: A hospital based cross-sectional study
(International Journal of Bioscience and Biochemistry, 2019-12-04) Ocheme Julius Okojokwu; Innocent Ajegba Onaji; Bashiru Shafa Abubakar; Maryam Bisola Adebayo; Nanman Ladul Mwankat; Ibrahim Abubakar Yusuf; Francis Ofuowoicho Ukah; Entonu Elijah Entonu; Murna Ahmed Ali; Amos Obaje Ogaji1; Joseph Aje Anejo-Okopi
Background: Chlamydia, infection caused by Chlamydial trachomatis, is recognized as one of the most prevalent curable sexually transmitted infections. Chlamydial infections during pregnancy have been considered as significant factors in the causation of poor pregnancy outcome and complications like ectopic pregnancy, low weight birth, still birth etc.
Objectives: The study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection among pregnant women accessing antenatal care in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Methods: A total of 200 endocervical swabs were collected from consenting pregnant women who were attending antenatal clinic in Faith Alive Foundation Hospital, Jos, Nigeria. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on socio-demography and risk factors. The samples were analyzed using lateral flow immunoassay – Rapid Test Device (Swab/Urine) (International Ltd. China). Results: Chlamydia prevalence of 48.5% was established in the current study. The age group 24 – 28 years had the highest prevalence of 67.1% while the least prevalence (23.5%) was recorded among women older than 43 years. This variation of chlamydia prevalence was significantly associated with age group (χ2 = 16.541; p = 0.001). demographics such as marital status and educational status were not associated (p > 0.05) with chlamydia but in addition to age, occupation of the women was significantly associated (χ2 = 44.490; p = 0.001) with the infection. Unskilled women had the highest chlamydia prevalence (74.7%) as opposed to 20% recorded in skilled women and 47.1% among the semi-skilled women. Risk factors like HIV status was significantly associated (χ2 = 27.205; p = 0.001) with chlamydia. HIV positive women had chlamydia prevalence of 83.7% compared with 38.9% in their HIV negative counterparts. Conclusion: The study demonstrated chlamydia prevalence of 48.5% in this study. Age group, history of STI, use of IUD, history of abortion among others were identified as risk factors associated with the infection.