Department of Biochemistry
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://irepos.unijos.edu.ng/handle/123456789/11511
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Item Phytochemical Screening And Analgesic Studies Of The Root Bark Of Hymenocardia Acida, Tul (Euphorbiaceae)(International Journal of Drug Development & Research, 2011) Olotu N. Paul*1, Ibrahim Hajara2, Ilyas Naija 2, Ajima Ukpe3 & Olotu A. Ijeoma4The research work covers the phytochemical screening and Analgesic studies of the root bark of Hymenocardia acida, Tul, (Euphorbiaceae) which is claimed by the Hausa in the Northern Nigeria to be used traditionally for the treatment of headache, chest-pain, rheumatic pain, toothache, ear pain, migraine and sickle cell crisis. The various phytochemical tests revealed the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and cardiac glycosides. The result of analgesic activity of the extracts showed a significant and dose dependent analgesic activity when compared to the untreated control group at P<0.05. This justifies the use of the plant in ethnomedicine for the treatment of headache, chest pain, rheumatic pain, toothache, ear pain, migraine and sickle cell crisis.Item Evaluation of the Effect of Coconut Oil (Cocos nucifera) on Some Biochemical Parameters in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats(Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017) Mohammed A1, Luka CD2, Gyang SD2, Ngwen AL3Diabetes mellitus is among the major global public health problems and its prevalence is currently increasing at an alarming rate. According to the International Diabetes Federation, about 366 million people are living with diabetes and this figure is projected to increase to 552 million by the year 2030. The study investigated the effect of oral administration of aqueous extract of coconut oil on blood glucose, total protein, kidney function indices, liver function indices, and lipid profile levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous extract was administered orally at a dose of 400mg/kg body weight to both normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Twenty adult male rats were divided into four groups of five rats each, two groups were made diabetic and the other two groups were non diabetic. One of the diabetic groups was treated with the extract and the other serves as control. The alloxan was administered intraperitoneal at a total protein, albumin, bilirubin, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high density lipoprotein concentrations were analyzed. The toxic effect of the extract was determined using biochemical enzyme markers. Treatment with the extract showed significantly (p<0.05) reduction in elevated blood levels of glucose, cholesterol, and proteins and other biochemical parameters associated with alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The extract possesses no toxic effect as indicated by the lowering of ALP and ALT levels and may be used for the management of diabetes mellitus.Item Effectof the Oral pf Some Soft Drinks on the Fasting Blood Glucose Level and Lipid Profile of Albino Rats(International Journal of Sciences, 2014-06) Goje, L. J.; Joshua, H.; Shuaibu, I.; Ghamba, P. E.; Mafulul, S. G.The study was carried out to discover the effects of the oral intake of some soft drinks (Fanta, Sprite, Fayrouz, Coca-cola and Schweppes) on blood glucose level and lipid profile of albino rats. The rats were grouped into 6 each containing 4 rats, and were allowed to fast for 12hrs, their fasting blood glucose was taken to know their pre treatment fasting blood glucose level. Group 1 was administered with normal saline, group 2 was given Fanta, group 3 was given Sprite, group 4 was given Schweppes, group 5 was given Fayrouz and group 6 was given Coca-cola. All the groups were administered with 3ml of the soft drink per 100g body weight twice a day respectively throughout the period of the research. The research lasted for 14 days. On the last day the rats were allowed to fast again for a period of 12hrs after which the fasting blood glucose level was determined; finally, the rats were sacrificed by cervical decapitation and the serum collected for the determination of lipid profile. There was statistical difference (p<0.05) in fasting blood glucose between the pre-treatment and post-treatment values. Group 2 (Fanta fed rats) and Group 6(Coca-cola fed rats) showed high level of glucose (p<0.05) compared to normal control, while the groups administered with Sprite, Schweppes and Fayrouz respectively showed no statistical difference in fasting blood glucose level when compared to the normal control. In the analysis of lipid profile, the group administered with Fanta exhibited high level of total cholesterol, low level of triglyceride and low density lipoprotein and normal level of high density lipoprotein. The group given Coca-cola showed low level of total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and normal level of low density lipoprotein, while the group given Schweppes showed high level of total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein. The group given Fayrouz showed high level of Cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and low level of Triglyceride and high density lipoprotein. Lastly, the group given Sprite showed no statistical difference in all these parameters when compared to the control group. Therefore, it was concluded that among the various soft drinks used in the present study, it was only Sprite soft drink that appeared not to be implicated as a predisposing factor to any of the diseases considered.Item Physicochemical Characteristics of Artemisia annua, an Antimalarial Plant from the Grass- field Regions of Cameroon(International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, 2016) Rosine D. Nkuitchou-Chougouo K; Dalia F. Fomekong; Jonas Kouamouo; Gilbert Hansen; Pierre Lutgen; Marc Flies; Marc Fisher; Simon Swen; Lysette Kouemeni; Denis Wouessidjewe; Titilayo O. Johnson; Jonathan D. Dabak; John Aguiyi; Jean M. Tekam; Lazare Kaptue; Pierre TaneThe aim of this study was to characterize the physical and chemical properties of Artemisia annua, an anti-malarial plant grown in the Grass-field Regions of Cameroon. Samples have been collected from seven localities with same climatic conditions. The GC-MS analysis of the extracts from the samples showed the presence of artemisinin, scopoletin and 13 volatile compounds including α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene, 3-carene, α-terpinene, limonene, eucalyptol, artemisia ketone, copaene, camphor, caryophylene, menthol and α-terpineol. When compared with A. annua grow in other countries, the Grass-field Regions of Cameroon produce seen more concentrated in artemisinin (11.1 mg/kg) than those from temperate regions [Luxemburg (0.4 mg/kg), Germany (0.8 mg/kg) and Belgium (1.1 mg/kg)] and similar to those from tropical countries [Brazil (11.5 mg/kg) and Democratic Republic of Congo (10.3 mg/kg)]. This result also showed that A. annua from the Grass-field Regions of Cameroon is highly concentrated in scopoletin, artemisinin and several other volatile compounds. The local production of this plant in Cameroon will be a source of medicinal significance for malaria zones and developing countries to fight against this disease.Item Effect of Aqueous Sweet Potato Leaf Extract and Metformin on Some Biochemical Parameters in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats(American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (ASRJETS), 2018) Rafiu A. A; Luka C. DSweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] is the sixth most important food crop in the world.The sweet potato roots are a good source of carbohydrates, while sweet potato top (leaves ) contain additional nutritional components in much higher concentrations than in many other commercial vegetables. In this study, the effect of aqueous sweet potato leaf extract was carried out in streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats for 28days. The phytochemical screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, tannins, , terpenes, steroids, phenols , resins and absence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides. Diabetic rats exhibited high blood glucose, cholesterol, Triglycerol (TG) and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) while High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) was very low. The continuous administration of extract at 400mg/kg body wt. for 28days significantly (P˂0.05) reverse these effects on cholesterol, TG, HDL and LDL while a similar result was also observe for metformin ; Rat dose = human dose(500mg) /Rat bodyweight x 7 treated group. The extract decreased significantly (P˃0.05) serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP),total and direct bilirubin which was significantly increased (P˂0.05) when compared to the control. After Administration of the plant extract, high level of cholesterol, triglycerides, and low density lipoproteins(LDL) were decreased (P<0.05) while the HDL (high density lipoproteins ) ,total protein ,and albumin were significantly increased (P<0.05). The present study revealed that aqueous sweet potato extract can effectively control some of the metabolic disorders that are associated with diabetics.