Department of Medical Laboratory Science

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://irepos.unijos.edu.ng/handle/123456789/11537

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    Incidence of Listeria monocytogenes and Other Bacteria in Spontaneous Abortion Cases in Jos.
    (Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology, 2013) Shindang, J.; Shindang, C.O.; Ekwempu, A.I.
    The involvement of Listeria monocytogenes in spontaneous abortion in Jos was investigated. One hundred blood and 100 placenta samples were collected from spontaneous abortion patients in Jos. The samples were inoculated first into Listeria enrichment broth. Incubation was at 37o C, followed by cold enrichment at OO C for samples that did not yield any growth at 370 C. Further sub- inoculations were made on Listeria selective agar. In addition, parallel inoculations were also made on blood, chocolate and MacConkey agar media using standard bacteriological methods. Listeria-like organisms were subjected to biochemical and serological investigations using type 1a, 4b and polyvalent sera supplied by Difco laboratories (Detroit, Michigan). Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, and L. monocytogenes were some of the bacteria isolated. They had the following percentage frequencies of occurrence: 40.20, 13.80, 11.50 and 8.04 respectively. L. monocytogenes contributed to the burden of spontaneous abortion in Jos and environs.
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    Some Risk Factor Associated with Acid-Alcohol-Fast Bacilli in Patients with Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Jos, Central Nigeria
    (2014) Bigwan E.I.; Ohaeri M.C.; David, Elijah; Wakjissa, Florence D.; Sheyin Z.
    Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a very serious public health problem due to its high tendency of person to person transmission, morbidity, and mortality. This study aimed at determining some risk factors associated with the prevalence of acid-alcohol-fast-bacilli (AAFB) within the study area. Materials and Methods: Sputum samples were collected from three hundred and three (303) patients with suspected cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in Jos. The samples were examined using Ziehl Neelson method. Structured questionnaires were administered to obtain some demographic data from patients that consented. Results were tested statistically for significance at p < 0.05 using Chi-square test. Results: Out of the samples examined, 29 (9.60%), were positive for AAFB. The study showed that the prevalence of smear-positive increased with increase in number of persons sharing the same room. Statistically the study reveals that some risk factors such as alcoholism, cigarette smoking and number of persons staying in a household had a significant effects on the prevalence (p < 0.05),while HIV status had no significant effect on the prevalence (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There was high prevalence of AAFB in the study area especially among people living in poor/congested housing facilities and people with HIV/AIDS. This calls for more collaborative efforts and political will by government and non-governmental agencies in order to eradicate the infection rate within the area, and the country at large.
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    PREVALENCE OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL BOARDING STUDENTS IN POTISKUM METROPOLIS, YOBE STATE, NORTH EASTERN NIGERIA
    (Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2012) *Bigwan, E.I.1, Tinja, B.2, 3 and Damen, J. G.
    Schistosomiasis remains one of the world’s most prevalent diseases of public health importance. Despite more than a century of control efforts and the introduction of highly effective antischistosomal drug the eradication of the disease is still far from actualization. Six hundred (300 stool and300 urine) samples were collected randomly from the students who consented after obtaining some vital demographic data from them. The stool samples were processed using formol ether concentration techniques while the urine samples were processed by ordinary centrifugal sedimentation technique. The result obtained was tested using Chi-square. Of 600 samples, 30 urine samples were positive for S.haematobium giving 10.0% urinary schistosomiasis, while 6 faecal samples were positive for S. mansoni giving 2.0% intestinal schistosomiasis and an overall 6.0% of schistosomiasis.The result indicates that there is an increase in prevalence with increase in age. The infection rate was significantly higher (p < 0.05) among males (8.5%) than among females (1.0%).Infection was higher (11.2%) among students whose normal source of drinking water is stream, followed by those whose source of drinking water is well (4.0%) and the least among those using tap water (2.2%). The prevalence of schistosomiasis in relation to schools indicates a significant relationship (p < 0.05).FGSS had the highest prevalence (11.5%), followed by GSSTSS with 5.5% and GGSS recorded the least with 1.0%. Lack of prompt diagnosis, inadequate knowledge on the causes of schistosomiasis, unsuitable water supply and exposure to water bodies may be the likely predisposing factors responsible for the prevalence rate recorded in the study area.