Faculty of Health Science and Technology

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://irepos.unijos.edu.ng/handle/123456789/11173

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Start date: 2012End date: 2020

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 12
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    Incidence of Listeria monocytogenes and Other Bacteria in Spontaneous Abortion Cases in Jos.
    (Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology, 2013) Shindang, J.; Shindang, C.O.; Ekwempu, A.I.
    The involvement of Listeria monocytogenes in spontaneous abortion in Jos was investigated. One hundred blood and 100 placenta samples were collected from spontaneous abortion patients in Jos. The samples were inoculated first into Listeria enrichment broth. Incubation was at 37o C, followed by cold enrichment at OO C for samples that did not yield any growth at 370 C. Further sub- inoculations were made on Listeria selective agar. In addition, parallel inoculations were also made on blood, chocolate and MacConkey agar media using standard bacteriological methods. Listeria-like organisms were subjected to biochemical and serological investigations using type 1a, 4b and polyvalent sera supplied by Difco laboratories (Detroit, Michigan). Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, and L. monocytogenes were some of the bacteria isolated. They had the following percentage frequencies of occurrence: 40.20, 13.80, 11.50 and 8.04 respectively. L. monocytogenes contributed to the burden of spontaneous abortion in Jos and environs.
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    Some Risk Factor Associated with Acid-Alcohol-Fast Bacilli in Patients with Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Jos, Central Nigeria
    (2014) Bigwan E.I.; Ohaeri M.C.; David, Elijah; Wakjissa, Florence D.; Sheyin Z.
    Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a very serious public health problem due to its high tendency of person to person transmission, morbidity, and mortality. This study aimed at determining some risk factors associated with the prevalence of acid-alcohol-fast-bacilli (AAFB) within the study area. Materials and Methods: Sputum samples were collected from three hundred and three (303) patients with suspected cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in Jos. The samples were examined using Ziehl Neelson method. Structured questionnaires were administered to obtain some demographic data from patients that consented. Results were tested statistically for significance at p < 0.05 using Chi-square test. Results: Out of the samples examined, 29 (9.60%), were positive for AAFB. The study showed that the prevalence of smear-positive increased with increase in number of persons sharing the same room. Statistically the study reveals that some risk factors such as alcoholism, cigarette smoking and number of persons staying in a household had a significant effects on the prevalence (p < 0.05),while HIV status had no significant effect on the prevalence (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There was high prevalence of AAFB in the study area especially among people living in poor/congested housing facilities and people with HIV/AIDS. This calls for more collaborative efforts and political will by government and non-governmental agencies in order to eradicate the infection rate within the area, and the country at large.
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    Tension pneumoventricle: A report of two cases
    (Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2015-10-23) CC Ani; BO Ismaila
    Pneumocephalus is often a complication of head trauma and cranial surgeries. Massive intraventricular pneumocephalus is an uncommon entity. We report the cases of two patients presenting same day with a clinical diagnosis of open head injury following separate road traffic accidents whose computed tomography (CT) brain images confirm skull base and vault fractures with massive pneumocephalus and tension pneumoventricles. CT scan remains invaluable in proper evaluation of head injury, and its complications for early and appropriate intervention toward reducing morbidity and mortality.
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    PREVALENCE OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL BOARDING STUDENTS IN POTISKUM METROPOLIS, YOBE STATE, NORTH EASTERN NIGERIA
    (Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2012) *Bigwan, E.I.1, Tinja, B.2, 3 and Damen, J. G.
    Schistosomiasis remains one of the world’s most prevalent diseases of public health importance. Despite more than a century of control efforts and the introduction of highly effective antischistosomal drug the eradication of the disease is still far from actualization. Six hundred (300 stool and300 urine) samples were collected randomly from the students who consented after obtaining some vital demographic data from them. The stool samples were processed using formol ether concentration techniques while the urine samples were processed by ordinary centrifugal sedimentation technique. The result obtained was tested using Chi-square. Of 600 samples, 30 urine samples were positive for S.haematobium giving 10.0% urinary schistosomiasis, while 6 faecal samples were positive for S. mansoni giving 2.0% intestinal schistosomiasis and an overall 6.0% of schistosomiasis.The result indicates that there is an increase in prevalence with increase in age. The infection rate was significantly higher (p < 0.05) among males (8.5%) than among females (1.0%).Infection was higher (11.2%) among students whose normal source of drinking water is stream, followed by those whose source of drinking water is well (4.0%) and the least among those using tap water (2.2%). The prevalence of schistosomiasis in relation to schools indicates a significant relationship (p < 0.05).FGSS had the highest prevalence (11.5%), followed by GSSTSS with 5.5% and GGSS recorded the least with 1.0%. Lack of prompt diagnosis, inadequate knowledge on the causes of schistosomiasis, unsuitable water supply and exposure to water bodies may be the likely predisposing factors responsible for the prevalence rate recorded in the study area.
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    Does self-esteem influence social phobia among undergraduate nursing students in Nigeria?
    (International Journal of Medical and Health Research, 2015) Emmanuel Andy, Oyedele Emmanuel A, Gimba Solomon M, Gaji Luka D, Kevin Terdi D
    Although social phobia is the most common anxiety disorder and one of the most common psychiatric disorders, little has been done to substantially identify its prevailing cause and periodically determine its prevalence among groups and proffer solutions. The study was conducted to determine the level and prevalence of self-esteem and social phobia among University of Jos Students and to assess the relationship that exists between them. A descriptive research design was adopted by the researcher. The study utilized a structured self-administered questionnaire as a major tool. Utilizing a convenience sampling, 161 participants representing 59.2% of the total population were recruited for the study. The prevalence of phobia was higher (50%) among students with low self-esteem when compared with those with high self-esteem (30.1%) There was no significant relationship between self-esteem and social phobia. Provision of social support and self-esteem enhancement program, among others were recommended.
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    Malnutrition and Associated Factors among underfive in a Nigeria Local Government Area
    (International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research, 2016-06) Andy Emmanuel; Nwachukwu O. Juliet; Oyedele E. Adetunji; Gotodok K. Hosea; Kumzhi R. Partience
    Introduction: Malnutrition remains a public health problem in developing countries like Nigeria. Understanding the factors associated with malnutrition is important in tackling the problem. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among under- five children in Borgu Local government area of Niger state, Nigeria. Material and Methods: A descriptive design was adopted. The study involved 250 children drawn using multi-stage sampling. Data was collected using questionnaire, weighing scale and a length board. Data was analyzed using chi-squared and descriptive statistics. Stunting, underweight and wasting were determine using the WHO child growth standards. Result: Findings indicate that prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight was 47.6%, 8.8% and 25.6% respectively. About 18% were diagnosed with various forms of protein energy malnutrition and is most common among male children (23.2%), younger children (31.8%) (Between 0-11 months) and children of mothers with no formal education (25.2%). Marasmus was the most common form of protein energy malnutrition (63.6%). Conclusion: Malnutrition is a problem in this setting. Age of child, gender, and maternal educational status have influence on malnutrition.
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    A Description of the Knowledge and Attitude Toward Premarital Sickle Cell among Unmarried Adults Residence of Naraguta Village in Jos North
    (Innovational Publishers, 2020) Mafuyai Joseph Mangai, Hosea Gotodok, Bonji Gaknung, Ari Eunice
    Introduction: Premarital sickle cell screening is a test done to screen intending couples to determine their genotype before marriage. It provides information about the health of the individuals while assessing their related reproductive risk. Aim: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of adults on premarital sickle cell screening among unmarried residence of Naraguta village in Jos North, Plateau state. Methodology: A descriptive research design was adopted, sample size of 306 adult residences was drawn from an estimated of 1500 through a proportional stratified sampling technique. Structured questionnaire was used to obtained the data and was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Findings or result revealed that most of the adult respondents (71%) had low knowledge about premarital sickle cell screening and (53%) and had negative attitude toward premarital sickle cell screening. Of the respondents (31%) of the adult unmarried are not intending to comply to the screening and stated their reasons to be that the screening is costly and is waste of time and resources. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude toward premarital sickle cell screening among the unmarried adult residence of Naraguta village. This indicates that knowledge about premarital sickle cell screening has a great impact in developing positive attitude toward sickle cell screening. Conclusion: It was, therefore, concluded that the unmarried adult at the Naraguta village has low level and knowledge and negative attitude toward premarital sickle cell screening.
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    Integrative review of intervention programmes for school health nurses about their activities in school environment (2)
    (Integrative review of intervention programmes for school health nurses about their activities in school environment (2), 2019-07-25) Oluwatoyin A Ogunyewo; Savasthian Arunachallam
    This paper reviews descriptive and quasi-experimental studies on the intervention programme developed for school health nurses in different activities they perform in the school environment. The review was as a result of the need to conduct an integrative review of intervention programmes developed for school health nurses on guiding adolescents about their reproductive health. However, there is a dearth of studies on this particular area, and this prompted the authors to expand the scope to cover the intervention programme developed for school health nurses in other areas of concern Two review questions were raised which prompted the search for articles to provide necessary answers. Computerized database, ancestry and extensive search strategies by titles of research reported in English between 2000 and 2015 located diverse intervention programmes. A total of 1980 articles were retrieved from which 11 were reviewed after series of filtering based on titles, abstracts, full texts, and duplicates had taken place. A broad range of intervention programmes were reported. The key elements common in all the intervention programmes include: knowledge of the content and skill enhancement, skills in interpersonal communication, the use of role plays, small group discussions, and lectures as a means of communicating messages to the participants, and resources such as facilitators. The intervention outcomes showed that there was enhancement in skills and knowledge of school health nurses in the various areas after workshops and seminars had taken place.
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    Perceived determinants of home delivery following antenatal care in general hospital Ikara, Ikara Local Government Area, Kaduna State
    (International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, 2020-04) Mangai Joseph Mafuyai*, Ari Eunice, Bonji Gaknung, Kumzhi Patience and Adamu Samaila
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    Health Workers’ Competence in Diagnosis and Management of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder among Internally Displaced Persons in Plateau State, Nigeria
    (International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 2017) Ajio Daniel K.; Ogunyewo, A.O.; Salihu Dauda; Gusen Nanle Joseph
    Objectives: is to determine the health workers’ perceived competence in the diagnosis and management of PTSD Methods: focus group discussion was employed with health workers working with the internally displaced persons in Plateau state Nigeria. Results: health workers in Plateau state lacked full competence in the diagnosis and management of post traumatic stress disorder. Furthermore, they are partially competence in the basic life support skills as well as the referral of cases of PTSD. Conclusion: health workers need more knowledge and training on the management of post traumatic stress disorders.