Department of Physics

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://irepos.unijos.edu.ng/handle/123456789/11277

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    Analysis of the Characteristics of Monthly Rainfall Pattern in Katsina
    (Physical Science International Journal, 2019-03-29) Emmanuel Vezua Tikyaa; Francis Oladele Anjorin; Emmanuel Joseph
    Aims: This paper seeks to analyse the characteristics of monthly rainfall pattern in Katsina City in a view to unveiling the trends and describing its dynamics so that adequate recommendations can be made for its modelling. Study Design: The analysis involves a complete statistical, trend, spectral and nonlinear analysis of the monthly rainfall time series recorded in Katsina. Place and Duration of Study: Location: Katsina City, Katsina State, Nigeria from 1990 to 2015; a period of 26 years. Methodology: Secondary data of daily rainfall recorded in Katsina city from 1990 to 2015 was collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet), and monthly averages were taken to obtain the monthly rainfall data. The data was then subjected to statistical, trend, spectral and nonlinear analysis techniques to reveal the behavioural patterns in the rainfall and also to reveal its underlying dynamics for its future modelling and prediction. Results: The outcome of this analysis indicates that the monthly rainfall in Katsina exhibits an increasing trend with high variance and right-skewed distribution requiring a maximum of 6 independent variables to model its dynamics. The correlation exponent plot reached a saturation value of 5.892 confirming that the monthly rainfall in Katsina over the last 26 years exhibits low dimensional chaotic behavior while the largest Lyapunov exponent for the monthly rainfall time series in Katsina was also computed and found to be positive, having a value of 0.006055/month confirming the presence of deterministic chaos dynamics and is predictable for the next 165 months. Conclusion: Since from the findings of this work it is confirmed that the rainfall in Katsina exhibits chaotic behavior with an increasing trend, it is recommended that more drainages and dams be built to provide steady supply of water for agricultural and domestic purposes as well as curtail the menace of flooding and drought which may occur as a result of global warming and climate change.
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    3D Seismic and Structural Analysis of Middle Agbada Reservoir Sand, Offshore Niger Delta, Nigeria
    (Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, 2019) Obasuyi F. O.; Abiola. O; Egbokhar o.j; Ifanegan A. S; Ekere J. I.
    The interpretation of 3D seismic and well logs data from ‘SUYI’ Field reveal that the reservoir sand is in the parallic sequence of the Agbada Formation and also typical structural features of the Niger Delta, namely: The roll over anticline and growth fault with a promising good hydrocarbon accumulation. In this paper, 3D seismic data and well logs data were interpreted and analyse to delineate potential reservoirs and map structures favourable to hydrocarbon accumulation, this will aid further exploration activities within the field of study. Two reservoir sands were delineated from the well logs using gamma ray logs for the lithology identification and resistivity logs for the fluid content identification. Seven faults (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, and F7) were delineated while three horizons (Horizon 1, 2 and 3) were picked across the seismic section. Most of the major faults delineated in the area trends east-west, cutting across the low structure area. The generated time and depth structure maps shows the area is characterized by low structural features but some high anticlinal structures were observed at different flanks on the maps generated, these areas are likely to be good prospect for the accumulation of hydrocarbon
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    Estimation of the Long-Term Propagation Losses Due To Rain On Microwave Satellite Links Over Jos, Nigeria
    (FUPRE Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2018) J.T.Zhimwang; Ogherohwo E.p; Igbekele O. J
    This paper presents the estimation of long term propagation losses due to rain on microwave satellite links over Jos. Data were retrieved from the National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA) Abuja, Nigeria. The data collected was rainfall rate (mm/h) for theperiod of three year (2015–2017) over Jos. Results were obtained based on the exceedance distribution frequency of percentage time (%) and cumulative distribution of one- minute rain rate which revealed that higher rainfall rate (above 100 mm/hr) account for about 0.01 and 0.001% time ofexceedance and it is during such times that maximum propagation losses due to rainfall is significant and can be best estimated.
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    Computational Analysis of Cross Polarization on KU-Band Satellite Links over Jos, Nigeria
    (FUPRE Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2017) Aminu Ibrahim; Durodola O.M; Ogherohwo E.P; Taddy E. N.; Zhimwang Jangfa T.
    This paper presents the computational analysis of cross polarization on KU-Band satellite links. The depolarization effects on satellite links are described in terms of cross polar discrimination (XDP). The differential phase shifts mainly responsible for causing depolarization at Ku-band due to scattering by spheroidal raindrops wascomputed. Simultaneous analyses of sample data from Kuband, EUTELSALAT (W4/W7) satellite beacon footprint at a frequency of 12.245 GHZ and elevation angle of 036 0 E over Jos (9.8965 0 N, 8.8583 0 E, 1192M) were analyzed. Also the distribution of one minute rain rate obtained from Davis Vantage Vue Integrated Sensors Suites (ISS) weather station was computed. These data were applied to the ITU-R procedure in recommendation 618-12(ITU-R, 2015) to estimate the cross polarization discrimination due to rain on earth satellite path. The results shows that XPD at lowervalue imply very high incidences and cross talks are expected in the region. As such frequency re-use is difficult in Jos, Nigeria.
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    Evaluation of the Implementation of Undergraduate General Studies Entrepreneurship Curriculum in Federal Universities in North-Central Geo-Political Zone, Nigeria
    (CREATIVE RESEARCH PUBLISHING, 2019-07-24) Hulda Maxwell Davwet; Dorah Nanman Damar; Meshach Gomam Goyit; Yakubu Gorah Kajang
    The study evaluated the Implementation of Undergraduate Entrepreneurship Curriculum in Federal Universities in North Central Geo-Political Zone, Nigeria. The study was aimed at finding out the level of the implementation of the GST entrepreneurship education in federal universities in Nigeria and how it has equipped the undergraduate students with the necessary entrepreneurship skills that would enable them to practice after graduation. Four research questions and two hypotheses were raised for the study. A cross-sectional survey research design was used for the study. The population of the study constituted of seven federal universities in the study area 14 directors, 49 GST lecturers and 25,087 final year (400 levels) undergraduate students. The sample size of the study consisted of five federal universities, 10 Directors (including five GST Directors & five Entrepreneurship Directors), 29 GST lecturers and 1826 final year (400 levels) undergraduate students using multi-stage sampling technique. The instruments for data collection were structured Undergraduate General Studies Entrepreneurship Curriculum Implementation Questionnaires (UGSECIQ) which were sub-divided into three sections for: directors, lecturers and students. Content validity was established on the questionnaire by three experts, each from Curriculum Studies, Business Management and Measurement and Evaluation from the University of Jos. A reliability coefficient of 0.890, 0.901 and 0.957 for the directors, lecturers and students’ responses respectively were obtained through Cronbach Alpha. The data obtained for the research questions were analysed using mean, standard deviation and simple percentage while chi-square for independent samples and ANOVA were used for testing the hypotheses using SPSS version 21.0. The results of the findings revealed that the implementation process of the undergraduate GST entrepreneurship education was constrained by inadequate funding to procure learning materials and facilities for equipping the entrepreneurship centres of the universities. It was recommended based on the finding that the universities management through the National Universities Commission (NUC) collaborates with Industrial Training Fund (ITF), Petroleum Trust Funds (PTF) and Tertiary Educational Trust Fund (TET-Funds) to access funds to sponsor entrepreneurship education programme of the universities. Also, universities management should collaborate with successful private entrepreneurs within its vicinity and outside for sponsorship of entrepreneurship activities in the universities by so doing will reduce underfunding of the programme in the universities.
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    DESIGN OF A RENEWABLE ENERGY OUTPUT PREDICTION SYSTEM FOR 1000mW SOLAR-WIND HYBRID POWER PLANT.
    (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT, 2015-08) Ogherohwo E.P; Barnabas.B; Alemika.T.E
    Problems associated with non-renewable energy sources such as fossil fuels make it necessary to move to cleaner renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. But the wind and sun are both intermittent sources of energy therefore accurate forecasts of wind and solar power are necessary to ensure the safety, stability and economy of utilizing these resources in large scale power generation. In this study, five meteorological parameters namely Temperature, Rainfall, Dew Point, Relative Humidity and Cloud Cover were collected for the year 2012 and used to predict wind and solar power output in Jos, Nigeria. The study used prediction algorithms such as Regression techniques and Artificial Neural Networks to predict the output of a 1000mW Solar-Wind Hybrid Power Plant over a period of one year. Individual prediction techniques were compared and Isotonic Regression was found to have the highest accuracy with errors of 40.5% in predicting solar power generation and 35.4% in predicting wind power generation. The relatively high levels of error are attributed to several limitations of the research work.
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    Analysis of Copper Cable Types Commonly used in Nigeria for Electrical Wiring and Power Distribution
    (International Journal of Science and Technology, 2012-08) Ogherowo E. P.; Kwaha B. J.; Oyelade O. V.
    The compositional constituents of five (5) copper cable types labeled E1, E2, E3, E4 and E5 were determined using two (2) different test methods namely- X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRFS) and resistivity test with the main objective of ascertaining their purity, resistivity and conductivity features. These factors are expected to provide the clue as to why some cables of the same gauge manufactured by different companies fail under the same load conditions. Samples of the 5 cable brands of equal dimensions were grounded to fine powder and subjected to purity test by the XRFS method. Another set of similar samples were subjected to resistivity test. From the XRFS result, E1 had purity of 99.30%, E2, 99.10%, E3, 98.50%, E4, 99.20% and E5, 98.80%, while the resistivity tests revealed that the respective resistivity and conductivity values were: for E1 [2.324x10-9 Ω m and 430.29x106 (m)-1], E2 [3.921x10-9 Ω m and 255.04 x 106 (m)-1], E3 [2.689 x 10-9 Ω m and 371.89 x 106 (m)-1], E4 [2.614x10-9 Ω m and 382.56x106 (m)-1], and E5 [2.890x10-9 Ω m and 346.60 x 106 (m)-1]. Comparing these values to the standard resistivity value of pure copper [2.82 x 10-8  m], it would be seen that these results are in agreement with each other. The test methods used in this research could be used to test the purity of copper or any other metal suitable for domestic electrification before stretching into cables. It can also be used to determine the standard of copper products.