Faculty of Natural Sciences

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    Antiplasmodial Efficacy of Stem Bark Extracts of Pseudocedrela kotschyi in Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei berghei
    (British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2014-01-12) Dawet, A.; Yakubu, D. P.
    Aims: To evaluate the antiplasmodial efficacy of stem bark extracts of P. kotschyi against P. berghei berghei in mice. Study Design: Extraction and administration of plant extracts and evaluation of daily parasitaemia of infected mice. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacognosy; Animal House. Department of Pharmacology and Department of Zoology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria, between June, 2008 and November, 2011. Methodology: Dry zone cedar (Pseudocedrela kotschyi) Family: Meliaceae, stem bark powder was successively extracted using ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous solvents. A total of one hundred and twenty mice for each extract (ethanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous) were divided into three groups of forty mice per each test (suppressive, curative and prophylactic). They were inoculated with drug sensitive NK 65 Plasmodium berghei berghei. In each test animals were divided into five groups, each consisted of eight animals and treated separately with one of the following: 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg extracts, chloroquine / pyrimethamine and normal saline. Blood films were prepared and examined, and the changes in percentage parasitaemia were evaluated. Results: The ethanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous crude extracts of P. kotschyi at 200 mg/kg significantly (P=.05) inhibited the parasitaemia by 39.43%, 26.99% and 28.36% respectively in the suppressive test. Ethanol and ethyl acetate crude extracts also showedsignificant (p=.05) cure rate of 29.17 % and 20.28 % respectively. However there was no significant (p>.05) reduction in parasitaemia load in the prophylactic tests. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that P. kotschyi stem bark indeed has antiplasmodial property
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    A Study of Species Diversity and Distribution of Soil Macroarthropod Fauna In Irrigated Vegetable Plots in Jos South Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria.
    (International Journal of Applied Research and Technology. Esxon Publishers, 2012-08-30) Mwansat, G. S; Njila, H. L; Levi, R. Y
    A study on the species diversity and distribution of soil macroarthropod fauna in irrigated vegetable plots in Jos was carried out. Five sampling sites were selected based on the mass cultivation of four staple food crops: cabbage, maize, potatoes and carrots. A total of 981 soil macroarthropod were collected. Out of which 539(54.94%) were collected by pitfall traps and 442 (45.60%) were collected by hand capture technique 953 (97.12%) were adults while 28(2.85%) were juveniles. 11 orders and 19 families were identified. Unidentified families were termed, “others”. The Hymenoptera (37.3%), Coleoptera (24.5%) and Diplopoda (8.8%) were the dominant macroarthropod group, but the least dominant groups are Hemiptera (1.0%) and Chilopoda (2.0%). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between macroarthropod collected by pitfall trap and those collected by hand capture technique. A significant difference (P<0.05) was observed between the juvenile and adult populations collected. Factors such as pH, soil temperature, fertilizer application, crop type, control methods influence the abundance and distribution of soil acroarthropod fauna. Data across sites showed that maize had highest abundance of 408 macroarthropod at 26.5OC while there was decline in cabbage with 183 at 27OC. However, a decrease to 187 at 26.7OC for carrot and increase to 203 macroarthropod at soil temperature of 27.8OC for potatoes was noted.
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    ENHANCING THE TEACHER PROFESSION: KEY TO REVAMPING THE EDUCATION SECTOR IN NIGERIA
    (Academic Research International, 2013) N. M. Kamoh1 , L. S. Ughili2 , A. A. Abada
    Education is a living concept that continues to grow and develop on daily basis. The paper looked at necessary steps needed to enhance the teaching profession. Questionnaire was administered to 1000 males and females respondents. The data was analyzed using standard deviation method, the results (tables I & II) indicated high standard deviations (σ) of 38.16 and 107.83 respectively, revealing that, the factors are independent of one another. A number of challenges were identified and discussed. The research concluded with a number of far-fetched recommendations. Improved remunerations; regular payment of salaries and improved fringe benefits, among others can greatly motivate and enhance the teaching profession.
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    IDENTIFYING RECOVERY PATTERNS FROM RESOURCE USAGE DATA OF CLUSTER SYSTEMS
    (Science World Journal, 2018) Nentawe Gurumdimma 1 , Gideon Dadik Bibu2 , Desmond Bala Bisandu3 , Mammuan Titus Alams
    Failure of Cluster Systems has proven to be of adverse effect and it can be costly. System administrators have employed divide and conquer approach to diagnosing the root-cause of such failure in order to take corrective or preventive measures. Most times, event logs are the source of the information about the failures. Events that characterized failures are then noted and categorized as causes of failure. However, not all the ’causative’ events lead to eventual failure, as some faults sequence experience recovery. Such sequences or patterns constitute challenge to system administrators and failure prediction tools as they add to false positives. Their presence are always predicted as “failure causing“, while in reality, they will not. In order to detect such recovery patterns of events from failure patterns, we proposed a novel approach that utilizes resource usage data of cluster systems to identify recovery and failure sequences. We further propose an online detection approach to the same problem. We experiment our approach on data from Ranger Supercomputer System and the results are positive.
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    An Adaptive Method using the L-Weno Reconstruction
    (International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 2021-10) Mrumun C. Soomiyol; Terhemen Aboiyar; Nathaniel M Kamoh
    In this work, an adaptive formulation of the Legendre - Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory (L-WENO) method is used to solve some problems of two-dimensional linear conservation laws on unstructured triangular mesh. The mesh adaptivity is used to improve the performance of the method. Although the results with the L-WENO method gets better as the mesh is refined, the mesh adaptation algorithm was able to improve the quality of the numerical approximation and reduce computational cost by refining and coarsening the computational mesh based on some specified criteria.
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    HIGH ORDER A-STABLE BLOCK ETR2s AND THEIR APPLICATION TO SYSTEM OF FIRST ORDER ODES
    (Leena and Luna International, Chikusei, Japan, 2014) Awari, Y.S.; Garba, E.J.D.; Kumleng, G.M
    An eighth order block Extended Trapezoidal Rule of Second kind (ETR2s) is presented for the numerical integration of stiff system of first-order ordinary differential equations. In the derivation process, we adopt the power series approach which leads to a system of equations that would be solved simultaneously in block form to generate approximate solution for the differential equations. The stability properties of the method are also presented. Some test, reported to emphasize pros and cons of the method.
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    Occurrence of Gastrointestinal Parasitic Associated with Exotic Dogs in Commercial Breeding Mills in Jos Metropolis-Nigeria
    (Academic Research Publishing Group, 2019) Amapu T. Y.; Latu M. Y.; Dapiya H. S.; Pam K. V.; Job M. O.; Dawen D. E.; Brengshak S. B.; Ajang Y.; Hero G. U.; Dingmun P. J.; Okojokwu O. J.
    In Nigeria, there has been an increasing trend towards establishing puppy mills for commercial breeding of exotic dogs. This study determined gastrointestinal parasites associated with exotic dogs of the existing puppy mills in Jos Metropolis Nigeria. A total of 150 dogs’ fresh fiscal samples were collected from 25 different puppy mills and examined using formol ether and floatation concentration techniques. Data on risks factors variables of dogs’ age, number of dogs per kernel kennel type, nature of food and history of antiparasitic drugs usage were collected from the breeders using predesigned questionnaire. The result revealed an overall prevalence of 71.33% intestinal parasitic burden among the dogs. Chi square (χ2) analysis showed association (p< 0.05) between breeds of dogs and occurrence of parasites. The gastrointestinal parasites associated were most prevalent dogs in Neapolitan mastiff (86.36%) followed by Rottweiler (75.70%) and German Shepherd (57.14%) was the least infected Predominantly, a total of seven (7) species of intestinal parasites; Ancylostoma caninum (28.00%) Dipylidium caninum (23.33%), Toxocara canis (14.00%), Trichuris vulpis (11.33%), Taenia sp. (5.33%) Giardia sp. (7.33%) and Coccidia sp. (5.33%) were identified. Among different gastrointestinal parasitic infections, occurrence of Ancylostoma caninum (28.00%) was highest, followed by Dipylidium caninum (23.33%). Multiple parasitic infections among positive dogs sampled were observed, however, risk factors variables did not (p > 0.05) affect parasitic infection. Age based gastrointestinal parasitic infection peak (77.78%) was reported among 7 9 months old and decreased with ages of dogs The result showed no significant difference in prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites among age groups of the dogs (χ2 = 2.616, d.f. = 5, P = 0.624). This trend implies that puppies of younger age groups had higher prevalence and tendency for infection with gastrointestinal parasites than their older counterparts.This study provides baseline data on the spectrum of intestinal parasitic infection of exotic dogs in commercial puppy mills in Jos-Nigeria. Therefore, the phenomenon could represent an important health threat and needs to be regulated, so that breeders adhere to hygiene practices and veterinary guidelines. This will serve as an approach to reduce the tendency of increasing intestinal parasitic burden of local dogs as well as eliminate emergent zoonotic intestinal parasites in the dogs.
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    COMMENTARIES ON HILBERT’S BASIS THEOREM
    (_SCIENCE WORLD JOURNAL, 2008) APINE, E; JELTEN
    The famous basis theorem of David Hilbert is an important theorem in commutative algebra. In particular the Hilbert’s basis theorem is the most important source of Noetherian rings which are by far the most important class of rings in commutative algebra. In this paper we have used Hilbert’s theorem to examine their unique properties which will help us to understand some of the characteristics of the Noetherian rings.
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    Estimation of the Long-Term Propagation Losses Due To Rain On Microwave Satellite Links Over Jos, Nigeria
    (FUPRE Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2018) J.T.Zhimwang; Ogherohwo E. P; Igbekele O. J
    This paper presents the estimation of long term propagation losses due to rain on microwave satellite links over Jos. Data were retrieved from the National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA) Abuja, Nigeria. The data collected was rainfall rate (mm/h) for theperiod of three year (2015–2017) over Jos. Results were obtained based on the exceedance distribution frequency of percentage time (%) and cumulative distribution of one- minute rain rate which revealed that higher rainfall rate (above 100 mm/hr) account for about 0.01 and 0.001% time ofexceedance and it is during such times that maximum propagation losses due to rainfall is significant and can be best estimated.
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    Geotechnical investigations for infrastructural development: A case study of Daki Biyu District, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Central Nigeria
    (Journal of Geology and Mining Research, 2016-08) Lekmang, I. C; Daku, S. S; Yenne, E. Y; Wazoh, H. N; Goyit, M. P.
    The geotechnical properties of Daki Biyu district in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria was investigated to ascertain the suitability of the sub-surface soil to support massive infrastructure such as high rise building and industries that might be carried out in the future. The particle size distribution shows that the soil is predominantly sandy-clay to sandy-gravels. The plasticity indices suggest low to medium compressibility while the co-efficient of volume change (Mv) and the coefficient of consolidation (Cv) are generally low for most of the pressure ranges. The average allowable bearing capacity values of 150 kN/m2 -240 kN/m2 and an average of 460 kN/m2 -700 kN/m2 for the ultimate bearing capacity agrees with the national building code (1983) for safe bearing capacity for cohesion less soils. The sub-surface soils were found to possess good geotechnical properties that are capable of supporting infrastructural development.