Department of Physics
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://irepos.unijos.edu.ng/handle/123456789/11277
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Item Radioactivity in Some Food Crops from High Background Radiation Area on the Jos –Plateau, Nigeria(Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2012) D.I.Jwanbot1*, M.M. Izam2 and G.G. NyamThe activity Concentration of 40K, 226Ra and 228Th were determined in the food crops on the Jos Plateau using γ-ray spectrometry. The activity concentration of the natural radionuclide in the food crops lied between 12.36 ± 0.82 and 56.92 ± 8.84Bq/Kg for 40K,(1.46 ± 0.05 to 10.42 ± 0.04) Bq/Kg for 226Ra and from (1.53 ± 0.08 to 6.85 ± 0.42) Bq/Kg for 228Th. These relativity high values for the activity concentrations maybe attributed to the series of tin mining activities that have taken place in these areas in the past decades. However, the values obtained suggest that the dose taken from intake of these radionuclides in the food crops is low and that harmful effects are not expected.Item The Increasing Cases of Lower Back Pain in Developed Nations: A Reciprocal Effect of Development(Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2014-07) 1M.Y. Mafuyai 2B. G. Babangida 3E.S. Mador 4D.D. Bakwa 5Y.Y. JabilLower back pain is a nonspecific health problem but a general complaint among people of all ages with severe effect and complain among the middle aged and the old. And, surprisingly, the complaint is more rampant in the developed nations than in the developing and underdeveloped nations of the world. The cause has generally been accepted by most researchers around the world to be mechanical than infectious. Our previous research indicated that some postures of the lumbar spine (lower back) are more susceptible to injury and can easily cause pain in the lumbar spine than others. This work has shown that this posture is common among the people in the developed nations due to he highly developed facets of life. The research therefore suggest that the rampant complaint is the result of this posture of the lumbar spine.Item Analysis of the Characteristics of Monthly Rainfall Pattern in Katsina(Physical Science International Journal, 2019) Emmanuel Vezua Tikyaa1*, Francis Oladele Anjorin2 and Emmanuel JosephAims: This paper seeks to analyse the characteristics of monthly rainfall pattern in Katsina City in a view to unveiling the trends and describing its dynamics so that adequate recommendations can be made for its modelling. Study Design: The analysis involves a complete statistical, trend, spectral and nonlinear analysis of the monthly rainfall time series recorded in Katsina. Place and Duration of Study: Location: Katsina City, Katsina State, Nigeria from 1990 to 2015; a period of 26 years. Methodology: Secondary data of daily rainfall recorded in Katsina city from 1990 to 2015 was collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet), and monthly averages were taken to obtain the monthly rainfall data. The data was then subjected to statistical, trend, spectral and nonlinear analysis techniques to reveal the behavioural patterns in the rainfall and also to reveal its underlying dynamics for its future modelling and prediction. Results: The outcome of this analysis indicates that the monthly rainfall in Katsina exhibits an increasing trend with high variance and right-skewed distribution requiring a maximum of 6 independent variables to model its dynamics. The correlation exponent plot reached a saturation value of 5.892 confirming that the monthly rainfall in Katsina over the last 26 years exhibits low dimensional chaotic behavior while the largest Lyapunov exponent for the monthly rainfall time series in Katsina was also computed and found to be positive, having a value of 0.006055/month confirming the presence of deterministic chaos dynamics and is predictable for the next 165 months. Conclusion: Since from the findings of this work it is confirmed that the rainfall in Katsina exhibits chaotic behavior with an increasing trend, it is recommended that more drainages and dams be built to provide steady supply of water for agricultural and domestic purposes as well as curtail the menace of flooding and drought which may occur as a result of global warming and climate change.Item Estimation of the Long-Term Propagation Losses Due To Rain On Microwave Satellite Links Over Jos, Nigeria(FUPRE Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2018) J.T.Zhimwang; Ogherohwo E. P; Igbekele O. JThis paper presents the estimation of long term propagation losses due to rain on microwave satellite links over Jos. Data were retrieved from the National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA) Abuja, Nigeria. The data collected was rainfall rate (mm/h) for theperiod of three year (2015–2017) over Jos. Results were obtained based on the exceedance distribution frequency of percentage time (%) and cumulative distribution of one- minute rain rate which revealed that higher rainfall rate (above 100 mm/hr) account for about 0.01 and 0.001% time ofexceedance and it is during such times that maximum propagation losses due to rainfall is significant and can be best estimated.Item 3D Seismic and Structural Analysis of Middle Agbada Reservoir Sand, Offshore Niger Delta, Nigeria(Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, 2019-12-01) F. O. Obasuyi; O. Abiola; O. J. Egbokhare; A. S. Ifanegan; and J. I. EkereThe interpretation of 3D seismic and well logs data from ‘SUYI’ Field reveal that the reservoir sand is in the parallic sequence of the Agbada Formation and also typical structural features of the Niger Delta, namely: The roll over anticline and growth fault with a promising good hydrocarbon accumulation. In this paper, 3D seismic data and well logs data were interpreted and analyse to delineate potential reservoirs and map structures favourable to hydrocarbon accumulation, this will aid further exploration activities within the field of study. Two reservoir sands were delineated from the well logs using gamma ray logs for the lithology identification and resistivity logs for the fluid content identification. Seven faults (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, and F7) were delineated while three horizons (Horizon 1, 2 and 3) were picked across the seismic section. Most of the major faults delineated in the area trends east-west, cutting across the low structure area. The generated time and depth structure maps shows the area is characterized by low structural features but some high anticlinal structures were observed at different flanks on the maps generated, these areas are likely to be good prospect for the accumulation of hydrocarbonItem APPLICATION OF TWO STEP CONTINUOUS HYBRID BUTCHER’S METHOD IN BLOCK FORM FOR THE SOLUTION OF FIRST ORDER INITIAL VALUE PROBLEM(Academic Research International, 2013) Y. S. Awari 1, A. A. Abada 2, P.M. Emma 3, N. M. KamohThe two steps Hybrid Butcher’s Method was reformulated for applications in the continuous form. The process produces some schemes which were combined in order to form an accurate and efficient block method for solution of ordinary differential equations (Ode’s). The suggested approach eliminates requirements for a starting value and its speed proved to be up when computations with the Block Discrete schemes were used. The order of accuracy and stability of the block method is discussed and its accuracy established numerically.Item Human Age Estimation: Use of Doppler Ultrasound Blood Velocity Measurement in the Human Carotid Artery(2015) Pam, S.D; Dakok, K.K; Sirisena; Gadong U.A.I; E.P; Taddy, E.N.; Chagok N.M.DAbstract Assessment of a living person’s age has gained prominence due to its numerous applicability: suspected criminals with no reliable records of identification where verifying age is essential for determining legal and/or financial responsibility; adults from developing nations with no reliable certificates or documents and falsification of age in order to merit appointments or participate in sporting events are a few to mention. In this work, the Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV) and End Diastolic Velocity (EDV) on the right and left Common Carotid Arteries were measured with the LOGIQ 5 EXPERT Ultrasound Machine using the technique of Doppler Ultrasound Velocity Measurement of blood flow in the carotid arteries of 50 volunteers (25 males and 25 females) whose blood pressures were taken. Use of The IBM SPSS shows that the Right Peak Systolic Velocity and Left End Diastolic Velocity were unrelated to the blood pressure for the hypertensive, pre-hypertensive and the non-hypertensive groups. However, results show that the Right End Diastolic Velocity (REDV) is positively correlated with age , while the Right Peak Systolic Velocity (RPSV) is negatively correlated with age both indicating that the age of an individual could be estimated.Item Assessment of kVp Accuracy, Reproducibility and Consistency in diagnostic x-ray units of some selected hospitals and radiology centres in Jos and environs, Plateau state Nigeria.(International Journal of Research, 2017) Margaret. I. Ike-Ogbonna; Daniel. I. Jwanbot; Emeka. E. IkeTo ensure that radiation doses received by both patients and medical staff are kept as low asreasonably achievable. Quality Assurance program implementation in conventional diagnostic radiology is necessary. The exposure factors of the x-ray machine need to be checked from time to time as required by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). In this research, assessment of the tube output variation with kVp accuracy, reproducibility and consistency in diagnostic x-ray units of some selected hospitals and radiology centres in Jos, Plateau state were carried out using Gammex digital kV meter with model number: 330. Eight hospitals x-ray units and four radiology centres were studied and the test for kVp accuracy, kVp consistency and kVp reproducibility were conducted on the x-ray machines at varied kV and mAs set on the control panel at a focus to film distance of 10m. From the results obtained, seven x-ray units (58%) had values ranging from (1.78 to 4.26) within the tolerance limit of ±5% in kVp accuracy while five x-ray units (42%) were above the tolerance limit. In kVp reproducibility eight x-ray units had values ranging from (1.52 to 9.78) within the recommended tolerance limit of ±10%, while four x-ray units were above the recommended tolerance limit with values between (- 13.30% to 15.86%) and in kVp consistency with the recommended tolerance limit ±5%, 67% of the x-ray units were all within the tolerance limit with values ranging from (-0.8 to -5.0) but 33% had values (5.3 to 18.1) of high deviations outside the tolerance limit. This show that the set value of exposure factor kV from the control console gives values within the tolerance limit for about 67% of the studied x ray machine, meaning there is a good quality assurance programme in place most of the diagnostic x-ray units studied.Item Analysis of the Characteristics of Monthly Rainfall Pattern in Katsina(Physical Science International Journal, 2019-03-29) Emmanuel Vezua Tikyaa; Francis Oladele Anjorin; Emmanuel JosephAims: This paper seeks to analyse the characteristics of monthly rainfall pattern in Katsina City in a view to unveiling the trends and describing its dynamics so that adequate recommendations can be made for its modelling. Study Design: The analysis involves a complete statistical, trend, spectral and nonlinear analysis of the monthly rainfall time series recorded in Katsina. Place and Duration of Study: Location: Katsina City, Katsina State, Nigeria from 1990 to 2015; a period of 26 years. Methodology: Secondary data of daily rainfall recorded in Katsina city from 1990 to 2015 was collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet), and monthly averages were taken to obtain the monthly rainfall data. The data was then subjected to statistical, trend, spectral and nonlinear analysis techniques to reveal the behavioural patterns in the rainfall and also to reveal its underlying dynamics for its future modelling and prediction. Results: The outcome of this analysis indicates that the monthly rainfall in Katsina exhibits an increasing trend with high variance and right-skewed distribution requiring a maximum of 6 independent variables to model its dynamics. The correlation exponent plot reached a saturation value of 5.892 confirming that the monthly rainfall in Katsina over the last 26 years exhibits low dimensional chaotic behavior while the largest Lyapunov exponent for the monthly rainfall time series in Katsina was also computed and found to be positive, having a value of 0.006055/month confirming the presence of deterministic chaos dynamics and is predictable for the next 165 months. Conclusion: Since from the findings of this work it is confirmed that the rainfall in Katsina exhibits chaotic behavior with an increasing trend, it is recommended that more drainages and dams be built to provide steady supply of water for agricultural and domestic purposes as well as curtail the menace of flooding and drought which may occur as a result of global warming and climate change.Item 3D Seismic and Structural Analysis of Middle Agbada Reservoir Sand, Offshore Niger Delta, Nigeria(Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, 2019) Obasuyi F. O.; Abiola. O; Egbokhar o.j; Ifanegan A. S; Ekere J. I.The interpretation of 3D seismic and well logs data from ‘SUYI’ Field reveal that the reservoir sand is in the parallic sequence of the Agbada Formation and also typical structural features of the Niger Delta, namely: The roll over anticline and growth fault with a promising good hydrocarbon accumulation. In this paper, 3D seismic data and well logs data were interpreted and analyse to delineate potential reservoirs and map structures favourable to hydrocarbon accumulation, this will aid further exploration activities within the field of study. Two reservoir sands were delineated from the well logs using gamma ray logs for the lithology identification and resistivity logs for the fluid content identification. Seven faults (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, and F7) were delineated while three horizons (Horizon 1, 2 and 3) were picked across the seismic section. Most of the major faults delineated in the area trends east-west, cutting across the low structure area. The generated time and depth structure maps shows the area is characterized by low structural features but some high anticlinal structures were observed at different flanks on the maps generated, these areas are likely to be good prospect for the accumulation of hydrocarbon