Department of Industrial Chemistry

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://irepos.unijos.edu.ng/handle/123456789/11287

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Start date: 2023Has files: Yes

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    Physicochemical and Bacteriological Evaluation of Sachet Water Sold in Minna Metropolis, Niger State, Nigeria
    (International Journal of Advanced Chemistry Research, 2023) Ibrahim Mohammed; Muhammad Taoheed Bisiriyu; Rasaq Bolakale Salau; Asmau Omowumi Suleiman; Hamidu Abdullahi; Cyril Ogbiko; Gungshik John Rople; Rabiat Lawal Abdullah
    Physical assessment of the package labels (product name, manufacturing address, National Agency for Food and Drug Administration (NAFDAC) registration number, manufacturing and expiry date and batch number on the labeling) and quality evaluation of the physicochemical and bacteriological properties of the water samples collected was assess and analyzed in relation to level of compliance with package water recommended standards. Four (4) clusters were considered in which three samples were collected from vendors in each cluster making up a total of twelve (12) samples. Physical examinations revealed 100% compliance to standards in terms of the product name, manufacturing address and NAFDAC registration number but zero percent compliance for manufacturing and expiry dates but only about 17% of the samples had a batch number on the labeling. The physiochemical parameters show appreciable compliance to standards with an ambient temperature of 28 °C, pH range of 6.5 to 8.5 and conductivity values ranged between 104.67 - 225.67 μS/cm still lower compared to the maximum range of 1000 μS/cm by Nigerian Industrial Standard (NIS). Samples turbidity results recorded zero value for SWA1, SWB2, SWC3, SWE5, SWG5, SWH6, SWI7, SWJ8 and SWK9 except for sample SWD10, SWF11, and SWL12 with a turbidity of 2.00, 2.00 and 3.00 NTU, respectively and were still within NIS/WHO limit of 5 NTU. Total dissolved solids (TDS) values ranged from 70.20 - 171.67 mg/L but still within the threshold limit of 500 mg/L recommended by NIS. The bacteriological parameters gave total bacterial count (TBC) ranged between 1 - 16.50 cfu/cm3 accounting for SWB2=2.00, SWC3=1.50, SWD4=2.00, SWE5=1.00, SWF6=5.50, SWG7=4.00, SWH8=5.00, SWI9=13.00, SWJ10=8.50, SWK11=16.50,and SWL12=16.00 cfu/cm3 above the WHO limit of zero cfu/cm3 except SWA with 0.00 cfu/cm3 in conformity with the standard limit while TCC ranged from 1-1.50 cfu/cm3 for SWC3=1.50, SWD4=1.00, SWE5=1.00, SWG7=1.00, SWH8=1.50 and SWK11=1.50 cfu/cm3 which is all above the WHO limit of 0.00 cfu/cm3except six samples (SWA1, SWB2, SWF6, SWI9, SWJ10 and SWL12) having 0.00 cfu/cm3 accounting for 50% samples compliance with the tolerance limit. The concentration of Pb, Zn, Fe, and Cr in the samples was below the WHO/SON tolerant level of 0.01 mg/L for Pb, 5 mg/L for Zn, 0.3 mg/L for Fe and 0.05 mg/L for Cr except for samples SWF6, SWG7, and SWJ10 with Pb concentration of 0.04, 0.032, and 0.050 mg/L respectively, above permissible limits of WHO/SON. The corrosion of pipes used in the water processing may account for the Pb concentration hence, regular assessment of the sachet water products should be ensured by the regulating agencies to promote both water and health safety.
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    EFFECT OF AQUEOUS SOYABEAN EXTRACT AND METFORMIN ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN ALLOXAN- INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
    (IJBPAS,, 2026-07) LUKA CD; TIJJANI H
    Soya bean is a staple food with great nutritional value. In this study, the effect of aqueous soya bean extract was carried out in Alloxan induced diabetic rats for 7days. The phytochemical screening indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, terpenes, steroids, phenols and resins. Diabetic rats exhibited high blood glucose, cholesterol, Triglyceride (TG) and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) while High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) was very low. The continuous administration of extract at150 mg/kg b.wt. for 7 days significantly (P˂0.05) reverse these effects on cholesterol, TG, HDL and LDL while a similar result was also observe for metformin (14.2 mg/kg b.wt) treated group. The extract had no significant effect (P˃0.05) on serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) while serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was significantly increasing (P˂0.05) when compared to the control. Although the extract could not significantly lower the blood glucose when compared to the control, a gradual reduction was observed on day7. The present study revealed that aqueous soya bean extract can effectively control some of the metabolic disorders that are associated with diabetic.