Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Nephrotoxicity

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    Nephroprotective Potential of Ca and Mg against Cd and Pb in Rats
    (Society of Applied Sciences, 2012) J. D. Dabak; S. Y. Gazuwa; G.A. Ubom
    Adverse environmental impacts from excessive heavy metals dispersed from mines and smelter sites include contamination of water, soil and phytotoxicity leading to potential risks to human health. One of the organs that are exposed to heavy metal toxicity is the kidney. In this study, concurrent administration of different combinations of Cd, Pb, Ca and Mg were carried out using a rat model to determine the nephrotoxicity of Cd and Pb, and also the nephroprotective potential of Ca and Mg against Cd and Pb. Studies indicate that the urinary excretion of Cd and Pb ions were increased as the concentrations of the combination of Ca and Mg were elevated thus: 0.0302±0.002, 0.0665±0.001, 0.0911±0.002, 0.2284±0.005, 0.0808±0.000 and 0.0246±0.001, 0.0095±0.002, 0.0881±0.0.003, 0.1037±0.003, 0.0940±0.000 respectively. The addition of either Cd or Pb salt alone without the addition of Ca and Mg salts show that the urinary excretion of Cd ions decreased as compared to control irrespective of the concentration of Cd or Pb salt added, while the Ca excretion increased as follow: 0.0302±0.002, 0.0163±0.002, 0.0144±0.000, 0.0122±0.002, 0.0131±0.000 and 8.0700±0.006, 14.6400±0.016, 10.3600±0.058, 16.1700±0.037, 21.8100±0.026 respectively. The biochemical and histopathological analyses show that Cd and Pb have nephrotoxicity, while Ca and Mg have nephroprotective potential against Cd and Pb in rats. This nephroprotection stems from the fact that the excretory pattern of the metals revealed that there exist mutual exclusivity between Ca/Cd, Ca/Pb, Mg/Cd, and Mg/Pb.
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    Effect of Ethanol Extract of Calotropis procera Root Bark on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatonephrotoxicity in Female Rats
    (Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2013-03-27) Daniel Dahiru; Augustine Amos; Sarah H. Sambo
    Calotropis procera root is used in traditional medical practice for the treatment of various ailments. The possible hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activities of the ethanolic extract of C. procera root in female rats were investigated. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was used to induce hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity with significant (P < 0.05) increase in the level of serum enzyme markers of hepatotoxicity and nonenzyme markers of nephrotoxicity. Administration of 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight (bw) of the ethanolic extract of C. procera root did not protect the liver and kidney from CCl4- induced toxicity. Pretreatment with the extract rather potentiated the toxicity induced by CCl4. This research result did not support the reported hepatoprotective activity of the extract. It is advised strongly that caution should be taken when ingesting alcoholic preparations of C. procera root.