Faculty of Natural Sciences

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://irepos.unijos.edu.ng/handle/123456789/11176

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Start date: 2010End date: 2019

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    A SURVEY OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS IN BAUCHI ROAD CAMPUS, UNIVERSITY OF JOS, NIGERIA.
    (Scientia Africana, 2011-06) Ochekwu, E.B, Nwadiaro, P.O, Mark, N and Yabrade, M.
    The survey of ornamental plant on the Bauchi road campus of the University of Jos was conducted. The research was carefully carried out on the field, and the various plants species were assessed thereafter, samples were collected and taken to international institute of tropical agriculture (IITA), herbarium for proper identification. Twenty three (23) ornamental plants, belonging to seventeen (17) families were identified in the course of this study. The family Liliaceae was most dominant and evenly distributed on the campus, while the family Piperaceae was list dominant. The ornamental plants identified are exotic species, while a few of the plants are native of Jos metropolis. Although, the basic reasons for the cultivation of ornamental plants on the campus is for beautification these species were observed to play other important roles such as spot of recreation and relaxation, as wind break and for research purpose.
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    Radioactivity in Some Food Crops from High Background Radiation Area on the Jos –Plateau, Nigeria
    (Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2012) D.I.Jwanbot1*, M.M. Izam2 and G.G. Nyam
    The activity Concentration of 40K, 226Ra and 228Th were determined in the food crops on the Jos Plateau using γ-ray spectrometry. The activity concentration of the natural radionuclide in the food crops lied between 12.36 ± 0.82 and 56.92 ± 8.84Bq/Kg for 40K,(1.46 ± 0.05 to 10.42 ± 0.04) Bq/Kg for 226Ra and from (1.53 ± 0.08 to 6.85 ± 0.42) Bq/Kg for 228Th. These relativity high values for the activity concentrations maybe attributed to the series of tin mining activities that have taken place in these areas in the past decades. However, the values obtained suggest that the dose taken from intake of these radionuclides in the food crops is low and that harmful effects are not expected.
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    PREVALENCE AND IMMUNE STATUS OF HIV/HBV COINFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN
    (AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, 2013) Lar, 1P. M.,, Pam, 1V. K., Christopher, 1P. B., 2 Gwamzhi, L. & Mawak, 1 J. D.
    HIV/HBV coinfection places patients at high risk of liverrelated morbidity and mortality and the interaction of the two viruses can further complicate treatment. Pregnant women are especially at high risk for increased morbidity and mortality due to infection, and information about HIV/HBV coinfection in pregnant women is scanty. This study examined the occurrence of HBV antibodies in HIV1 positive pregnant women and the relationship to Anteretroviral therapy (ART) and other demographic characteristics. Blood samples were collected from 135 HIV pregnant positive women who were either on ART or Not, from May – June, 2008 at the Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) and the Plateau State Specialist Hospital (PSSH). Presence of hepatitis B surface (HBsAg) antigen in serum was determined using Antec strips (Antec diagnostics UK) and their immunologic status were determined by measuring the CD4+ counts using SL_3 cyFlow counter (Partec, Germany) . Sixteen 16 (11.8%) of the women examined were seropositive for Hepatitis B virus. Occupation was significantly associated with the prevalence of the hepatitis coinfection in the population examined (8.8% of house wives and 5.5% of business women had coinfection, p<0.05). The immunologic status (CD4+ of most of the HIV/HBV coinfected pregnant women (81.5%) was low (below 300 cells/mm3) although all were on Anti retroviral therapy. The 11.8% prevalence rate reported in this study confirms the endemicity of HBV /HIV coinfection in Nigeria, and this supports the calls for screening for Hepatitis B as a routine in antenatal care.
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    The Increasing Cases of Lower Back Pain in Developed Nations: A Reciprocal Effect of Development
    (Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2014-07) 1M.Y. Mafuyai 2B. G. Babangida 3E.S. Mador 4D.D. Bakwa 5Y.Y. Jabil
    Lower back pain is a nonspecific health problem but a general complaint among people of all ages with severe effect and complain among the middle aged and the old. And, surprisingly, the complaint is more rampant in the developed nations than in the developing and underdeveloped nations of the world. The cause has generally been accepted by most researchers around the world to be mechanical than infectious. Our previous research indicated that some postures of the lumbar spine (lower back) are more susceptible to injury and can easily cause pain in the lumbar spine than others. This work has shown that this posture is common among the people in the developed nations due to he highly developed facets of life. The research therefore suggest that the rampant complaint is the result of this posture of the lumbar spine.
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    Evaluation of the Essential Oils Constituents from the Leaves, Seed Buds and Fruits of Eucalyptus torelliana F. Muel Plant by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectral Analysis
    (IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC), 2016-10) Dashak, D. A.1, Daben, J. M.2, Olaoye, F.M.1, Agunbiade1, A.T, Ogbole, E
    Essential oils obtained from the leaves, seed buds and fruits of Eucalyptus torelliana F. Muel plant by hydro-distillation technique were evaluated using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry method. The major components of all the essential oils from the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectral analysis are: 4-hexen2-one, phenol, 7-Azabicyclo[4.1.0] heptane, 2-isopropyl phenol, 2,5-dimethyl-3-methylene-1,5-Hexadiene, 1,8nonadiyn, 1-phenylmethanol, n-Hexanol, 2-phenylethanol, Methyl propanoate and haptanitrile. The presences of these compounds suggest potentials of the leaves, seed buds and fruits of Eucalyptus torelliana plant for possible uses as antiseptics, disinfectants and food additives
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    Analysis of the Characteristics of Monthly Rainfall Pattern in Katsina
    (Physical Science International Journal, 2019) Emmanuel Vezua Tikyaa1*, Francis Oladele Anjorin2 and Emmanuel Joseph
    Aims: This paper seeks to analyse the characteristics of monthly rainfall pattern in Katsina City in a view to unveiling the trends and describing its dynamics so that adequate recommendations can be made for its modelling. Study Design: The analysis involves a complete statistical, trend, spectral and nonlinear analysis of the monthly rainfall time series recorded in Katsina. Place and Duration of Study: Location: Katsina City, Katsina State, Nigeria from 1990 to 2015; a period of 26 years. Methodology: Secondary data of daily rainfall recorded in Katsina city from 1990 to 2015 was collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet), and monthly averages were taken to obtain the monthly rainfall data. The data was then subjected to statistical, trend, spectral and nonlinear analysis techniques to reveal the behavioural patterns in the rainfall and also to reveal its underlying dynamics for its future modelling and prediction. Results: The outcome of this analysis indicates that the monthly rainfall in Katsina exhibits an increasing trend with high variance and right-skewed distribution requiring a maximum of 6 independent variables to model its dynamics. The correlation exponent plot reached a saturation value of 5.892 confirming that the monthly rainfall in Katsina over the last 26 years exhibits low dimensional chaotic behavior while the largest Lyapunov exponent for the monthly rainfall time series in Katsina was also computed and found to be positive, having a value of 0.006055/month confirming the presence of deterministic chaos dynamics and is predictable for the next 165 months. Conclusion: Since from the findings of this work it is confirmed that the rainfall in Katsina exhibits chaotic behavior with an increasing trend, it is recommended that more drainages and dams be built to provide steady supply of water for agricultural and domestic purposes as well as curtail the menace of flooding and drought which may occur as a result of global warming and climate change.
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    On Cyclic Codes of Odd Lengths from the Stable Variety of Regular Cayley Graphs
    (Mathematics and Statistics, 2018) Chun P.B; Ibrahim A.A; Kamoh N.M
    The use of the adjacency matrix of a graph as a generator matrix for some classes of binary codes had been reported and studied. This paper concerns the utilization of the stable variety of Cayley regular graphs of odd order for efficient interconnection networks as studied, in the area of Codes Generation and Analysis. The Use of some succession scheme in the construction of a stable variety of the Cayley regular graph had been considered. We shall enumerate the adjacency matrices of the regular Cayley graphs so constructed which are of odd order as in [1]. Next, we would show that the Matrices are cyclic and can be used in the generation of cyclic codes of odd lengths.
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    Uranium Concentration in Groundwater and Assessment of Radiation Doses Within Naraguta Sheet 168, North Central Nigeria
    (Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 2018) Abiye Olatunji Solomon; Paul Olusegun Ogunleye; Raymond Ishaya Daspan; Nestor Monday Chagok; Igah Sabastine Otebe
    Water samples collected from 60 wells located within Naraguta Sheet 168 in North Central Nigeria were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for uranium concentrations and other selected trace elements. This is aimed at assessing the radiation dose arising from intake of uranium through drinking water pathway for different age groups in the area. Results obtained show that uranium concentration in groundwater within the study area is generally within the acceptable reference level of 0.1mSv/y except in some places around Bukuru, Rayfield and Bishichi areas underlain mainly by the Jos-Bukuru Younger Granite Complex. The uranium values in groundwater within Naraguta Sheet 168 vary from 0.02-168.7 ppb, representing an activity concentration of 0.516-4.353 mBq/l. Radiation dose due to intake of uranium through drinking water pathway from the area is calculated to be 0.045-378.098 (μSv/y) among infants of 0-6 months, 0.051-432.112 (μSv/y) among infants of 7-12 months, 0.029-247.829 (μSv/y) among children between 1-3 years of age, and 0.026-216.056 (μSv/y) for children between 4-8 years. For 9-13 years old male children, it is 0.031-259.267 (μSv/y), while for the female children of the same age range, it is 0.031-259.267 (μSv/y). Male teenagers of between 14-18 years receives 0.042-351.250 (μSv/y) and female in the same age category receives 0.042-244.811 (μSv/y). Among the adult males older than 18 years, the radiation dose is 0.031-264.710 (μSv/y) and among females of 18 years and above, it is 0.023-193.021 (μSv/y). With effective dose due to uranium in water exceeding the reference level of 0.1mSv/y in some localities, it is therefore necessary to always carryout radiological investigations alongside analysis of major anions and cations present in the groundwater for safety reasons.
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    Immune status of HIV/AIDS patients with hepatitis B virus in Benue State, Nigeria
    (Advances in Applied Science Research, 2012) Yako AB; Lar P; Ishaleku D; Yako JB; Makpo JK; Auta KI; Moses OS; Nweze NO
    The CD4 counts of HIV positive individuals with hepatitis B surface antigen was a factor used to determine the immune status among infected individuals in Benue State. Of 966 males infected with HIV, 15(1.55%) were positive for HBsAg+ with CD4 counts <335 cell/μl and in the female category, 10(0.95%) of 1042 were positive for HBsAg+ with the CD4+ counts <420 at the initial CD4 cells counts. According to age, individuals aged between 30 and 39 years were positive for HBsAg+ with their CD4 counts ≤335 cell/μl. The least in terms of HBsAg+ carriage (0.34%) were those 50 years and above whose CD4 read <224 cell/μl. After an interval of 6 months, the CD4 level declined to <100 cell/μl. However, there was a significant relationship in the degree of infection among sexes (Z=0.40<±1.96). HBsAg+ carriage rate was dependent on age (x²=7.82<0.05).
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    Prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma haematobium among residents of Gwong and Kabong in Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria
    (Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci, 2012-07) A. DAWET; D.P. YAKUBU; R. LONGMUT; .B. BENJAMIN 1,; Y.H. DABURUM; N. NANNIM
    Schistosomiasis is a disease of great pathological effects in human especially during teenage years. The disease is a major public health problem with deepen economic consequences particularly in endemic areas. This study was conducted to determine the level of Schistosoma haematobium infection among the residence of Gwong and Kabong areas of Plateau State, Nigeria. Consent was obtained from the traditional heads and the subjects in the study areas. Ethical clearance was obtained from the ethical committee of Our Lady of Apostle (OLA) hospital Jos and Primary Health Care (PHC) clinics Nabor. A total of two hundred and forty two urine samples were collected and prepared using the sedimentation method. Slides were examined for S. haematobium ova under the microscope. Of all the samples examined, five (2.07%) all from Gwong area were infected. Male had a higher prevalence (3.85%) and mean intensity (32 ± 7.23) of ova compared with female. Infection was observed only in age groups 10-14 and 35-39 years. The prevalence was highest among those that obtained water from rivers/stream than those who used well water, while there was no infection among those that obtained water from borehole. The study showed that there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between infection and the study area, sex, age and occupation. However, there was a significant (P< 0.05) relationship between the infection and their source of water. Though there was low to none prevalence and intensity of S. haematobium in Gwong and Kabong respectively, there is need to intensify integrated control measures to reduce or completely eradicate the disease. © 2012 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.